Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 3/2015

01-09-2015

ADHD and Emotion Dysregulation Among Children and Adolescents

Auteurs: Nora Bunford, Steven W. Evans, Frances Wymbs

Gepubliceerd in: Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review | Uitgave 3/2015

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience impairments in a number of functional domains. Although current evidence-based treatments for ADHD reduce symptoms and improve academic and behavioral functioning, they have minimal impact on social functioning or on risky behaviors (see Evans et al. in J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol, 43:527–551, 2014 for review). Preliminary evidence indicates that emotion dysregulation (ED) is associated with impairments across the developmental spectrum, such as social impairment and risky behaviors, and that its relative absence/presence is differentially associated with treatment response. It thus stands to reason that by incorporating a focus on ED in interventions targeting social impairment and risky behaviors, we may be able to increase the number of youth who respond to such interventions and decrease the prevalence or degree of these impairments and behaviors among youth and adults with ADHD. However, a number of questions remain unaddressed about the association between ADHD and ED, such as the portion of individuals with ADHD who experience ED, the extent to which ED is associated with the above impairments and behaviors, and whether or not ED is malleable. To begin addressing these questions, we summarize and critically evaluate the literature on the association between ADHD and ED and make recommendations for future basic, translational, and treatment outcome research.
Voetnoten
1
Various researchers argue that although emotion regulation may be a heuristically helpful construct, emotion and emotion regulation are intertwined processes that cannot be separated from one another (e.g., Goldsmith and Davidson 2004; Lewis and Stieben 2004).
 
2
We use the word “steps” for purposes of manageability with regard to wording our ensuing discussion. It is important to note that in doing so, we do not intend to convey that emotion regulation is not a dynamic process (as we believe it is).
 
3
Discomfort with one’s own emotions and negative beliefs about the effects and after-effects of those emotions.
 
4
The sample was comprised of youth with depression, conduct problems, comorbid depression/conduct problems, or no psychiatric condition. Participants were between the ages of 13–17 years and were 61 % female, 53 % Caucasian, 19 % Hispanic, 15 % Asian, 11 % African American, and 3 % mixed racial heritage. ED was measured via self-report on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Psychological problems were measured via self-report on the Patient Health Questionnaire-Adolescent (PHQ-A).
 
5
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia was measured during a 5-min resting baseline, followed by a 3-min video clip from the movie The Champ, in which a young child witnesses and reacts to the death of his father. This film clip has been demonstrated to evoke sadness (see Gross and Levenson 1995) and to result in physiological reactivity—including changes in RSA—that are consistent with individual differences in ER abilities.
 
6
The former were measured via self-report on the Youth Self-Report (Achenbach 1991), and the later were measured via self-report on the Children’s Depression Inventory (Kovacs 2004).
 
7
For example, heightened intensity of emotions and generalized anxiety symptoms r = .27 and social anxiety symptoms r = −.07; poor understanding of emotions and generalized anxiety symptoms r = .17 and social anxiety symptoms r = .32; negative reactivity to emotions and generalized anxiety symptoms r = .31 and social anxiety symptoms r = .37 (Mennin et al. 2007).
 
8
According to Barkley (1997), “circumstances or tasks that involve temporal delays, conflicts in temporally related consequences, or the generation of novel responses” are the ones that most heavily tax the type of behavioral inhibition relevant to ADHD. “Tasks requiring resistance to temptation or deferred gratification are of this sort. Among the several dimensions of impulsivity discovered in past research (behavioral and cognitive-motor, typically) … it is that dimension reflected in deferred gratification and resistance to temptation, or what others have also called ‘behavioral inhibition’, that is associated with the inhibitory processesimplicated in ADHD (p. 68).
 
9
Due to the possibility that with small sample sizes there would be power limitations to detecting such small effect sizes in subsample comparisons, we revisited Maedgen and Carlson’s data. In their study, Maedgen and Carlson found a statistically significant difference across subtypes of ADHD. Of note, the sample size in that study was smaller (Maedgen and Carlson 2000; ADHD-C = 16, ADHD-I = 14) than the size of our (Bunford et al. 2014) sample. Yet, between-group comparisons yielded statistically significant differences, indicating that effect sizes may have been substantial. We thus calculated effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for both the data obtained by Maedgen and Carlson and our own data. These range from .44 to 1.1 in the Maedgen and Carlson study and from .02 to .32 in the Bunford et al. (2014) study. Thus, although Maedgen and Carlson obtained medium to large effect differences with a sample that was ~ 1/4th of ours, we obtained small effect differences only. This indicates that our not having found group differences may not be a function of the size of our sample but, rather, reflects a true absence of a difference.
 
10
Nigg (2010; p. 25) argues that ADHD is a combination of problems in both bottom-up (e.g., emotion generation) and top-down (e.g., emotion control) control systems […] and that “what psychopathologists call attention problems reflects difficulty in regulation, constraint, and effortful control, whereas impulsivity and perhaps hyperactivity are related to breakdown in incentive response systems”.
 
11
Note that findings on PNS abnormalities among youth with externalizing problems are consistent across studies but those on SNS abnormalities are not. One explanation for these mixed results pertains to the type of experimental task employed. For example, Beauchaine et al. (2007) and Calkins (1997) used reward-based tasks, which engage the SNS more so than the PNS (Musser et al. 2011). Conversely, Musser and colleagues focused specifically on emotion regulation (as opposed to an association between changes in ANS functioning at baseline and externalizing behavior) and employed a negative and positive mood induction and suppression paradigm. It might be the case that youth with ADHD exhibit different PNS and SNS activity than typically developing peers during a baseline condition but demonstrate only PNS abnormalities during an emotion regulation task. Finally, Musser and colleagues’ sample included children with ADHD, whereas a broadly conceptualized externalizing sample was included in Beauchaine et al. (2007), Calkins (1997), and Crowell et al. (2006). This is noteworthy because, despite the common behavioral co-occurrence, it is not clear that ADHD and externalizing problems are the same in terms of ANS abnormalities (e.g., Musser et al. 2011).
 
12
But boys with ADHD + high aggression were different in terms of their ED from boys with ADHD + low aggression and from boys without ADHD.
 
13
Of note, the empirical findings of Banaschewski et al. (2012) did not support the notion that performance on measures of these functions explains the association of ADHD and emotional lability.
 
14
Although this is not an exhaustive list of available measures, it is a list of commonly used measures for which there is considerable psychometric data available.
 
15
A child with depression may demonstrate stable but intensely negative emotional states.
 
16
“Child cognitively reinterprets the situation to find a tenable way, or sees a bright side, for example, “Even though I can’t finish, the model, I can still have fun.” Alternatively, he makes verbal statements or behaves in a way that indicates acceptance of the given conditions of the task, for example, shrugs shoulders and says ‘its okay’” (Melnick and Hinshaw 2000; p. 77).
 
17
“Child makes statements or expressions focusing on the negative, threatening, or uncontrollable aspects of the task, for example, blames others or complains he won’t win the prize” (Melnick and Hinshaw 2000; p. 78).
 
18
Marginally significant finding.
 
19
Those who hold high levels of negative mood regulation expectancies believe that their coping efforts will improve affect, whereas those with low negative mood regulation expectancies believe that their efforts will have little effect on their on their feelings of distress.
 
20
Defined here as emotional restraint, which is a way of managing negative emotions by suppression.
 
21
Although childhood conduct problems did contribute significantly to risky sexual behaviors among participants with ADHD, there was also an independent contribution of ADHD.
 
22
The eight-item ED subscale of this measure demonstrated both excellent internal consistency and external validity, as indicated by significant correlations between scores on the subscale and impairment on measures assessing quality of life and social functioning.
 
23
Participants in this study were conceptualized as exhibiting ED if their self-ratings on the ED subscale were at least as impaired as the worst 5 % of ratings among individuals without ADHD.
 
24
ADHD symptoms were measured on a modified version of the DuPaul Rating Scale. Emotional lability was measured on the parent-rated Conner’s 10-item scale and indexed by four items “demands must be met immediately—easily frustrated,” “cries often and easily,” “mood changes quickly and drastically,” and “temper outbursts, explosive, and unpredictable behavior”.
 
25
According to Linehan (1993), chronic and pervasive emotion dysregulation is considered the core feature and core difficulty in BPD and related disorders rather than a “symptom” of the disorder.
 
26
For more a more detailed discussion on more specific invalidating processes [i.e., invalidation of emotions, thoughts, wants, and other internal or private behaviors; invalidation of overt or public behavior; minimizing difficulties, invalidation of a sense of self and self-initiated behavior] and the effects of chronic and pervasive invalidation developmentally, see Fruzzetti et al. (2005).
 
27
Thirty-two adolescents completed a16-week group DBT skills training program and pre- and post-treatment measures. All components of the core mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation, and distress tolerance modules from Linehan (1993) DBT manual were taught with age-appropriate modifications (Nelson-Gray et al. 2006).
 
28
In CERT, clinicians are able to "match" the intervention to children's emotion regulatory needs and symptoms. Therapists work with children to complete in-session activities and with parents to teach them how to coach the child during the week. Outside of sessions, children complete “homework” assignments with guidance and support from their parents. CERT involves 22 sessions occurring over 6 months with 6- to 12-month follow-up after treatment ends.
 
29
In Hesslinger et al. (2002), all participants were selected on the basis of ADHD-status, but ED was not measured. The program consisted of a 13-week group psychoeducation and skills program delivered for 2 h a week. DBT was modified for adults with ADHD to include psychoeducation on the neurobiology of ADHD, medications for ADHD, dependency, self-respect, and the role of ADHD symptoms in relationships as well as skills training in mindfulness, functional behavior analysis, impulse control, emotion regulation, and stress management.
 
30
Consisting of a 15-minute individual pre-group motivation-enhancing meeting, eight weekly 90-minute group skills training sessions and seven weekly 10- to 15-minute individual coaching phone calls focused on skills generalization. A 90-minute group booster session was held during the first week of the follow-up quarter. DBT groups skills training included psychoeducation and skills trainings in goal setting, daily planner use, task prioritization and chunking, environment restructuring, using social support, managing sleep, eating, and exercise habits, mindfulness, emotion regulation such as opposite action, planning for high-demand periods, and planning for skill maintenance.
 
31
Students in the handouts condition were provided with a self-help booklet that contained information on psychoeducation about ADHD, organization, planning, time management, environment restructuring, and stress management.
 
32
Barkley and Fischer (2010) found that, among adults with ADHD (assessed for the association between emotional impulsivity and educational outcomes at age 27 years), emotional impulsivity predicted having completed less education as well as more school expulsions and suspensions, above and beyond ADHD symptoms. Emotional impulsivity was further negatively associated with graduation from high school and from college, above and beyond ADHD symptoms. Of note, only emotional impulsivity (and not ADHD symptoms) predicted school expulsions and suspensions and only emotional impulsivity was negatively related to graduation from high school.
 
Literatuur
go back to reference Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4-18, YSR, and TRF profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry. Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4-18, YSR, and TRF profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.
go back to reference Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 217–237.PubMed Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 217–237.PubMed
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
go back to reference Ames, C., Richardson, J., Payne, S., Smith, P., & Leigh, E. (2014). Innovations in practice: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression in adolescents. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 19(1), 74–78. Ames, C., Richardson, J., Payne, S., Smith, P., & Leigh, E. (2014). Innovations in practice: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression in adolescents. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 19(1), 74–78.
go back to reference Appelhans, B. M., & Luecken, L. J. (2006). Heart rate variability as an index of regulated emotional responding. Review of General Psychology, 10(3), 229–240. Appelhans, B. M., & Luecken, L. J. (2006). Heart rate variability as an index of regulated emotional responding. Review of General Psychology, 10(3), 229–240.
go back to reference Apsche, J. A., Bass, C. K., & Houston, M. (2006). A one year study of adolescent males with aggression and problems of conduct and personality: A comparison of MDT and DBT. International Journal of Behavioral and Consultation Therapy, 2, 544–552. Apsche, J. A., Bass, C. K., & Houston, M. (2006). A one year study of adolescent males with aggression and problems of conduct and personality: A comparison of MDT and DBT. International Journal of Behavioral and Consultation Therapy, 2, 544–552.
go back to reference Augustine, A. A., & Hemenover, S. H. (2009). On the relative effectiveness of affect regulation strategies: A meta-analysis. Cognition and Emotion, 23, 1181–1220. Augustine, A. A., & Hemenover, S. H. (2009). On the relative effectiveness of affect regulation strategies: A meta-analysis. Cognition and Emotion, 23, 1181–1220.
go back to reference Babinski, D. E., Pelham, W. E., Molina, B. S., Gnagy, E. M., Waschbusch, D. A., Yu, J., et al. (2010). Late adolescent and young adult outcomes of girls diagnosed with ADHD in childhood: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Attention Disorders, 15, 204–214.PubMedCentralPubMed Babinski, D. E., Pelham, W. E., Molina, B. S., Gnagy, E. M., Waschbusch, D. A., Yu, J., et al. (2010). Late adolescent and young adult outcomes of girls diagnosed with ADHD in childhood: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Attention Disorders, 15, 204–214.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Banaschewski, T., Hollis, C., Oosterlaan, J., Roeyers, H., Rubia, K., Willcutt, E., & Taylor, E. (2005). Towards an understanding of unique and shared pathways in the psychopathophysiology of ADHD. Developmental Science, 8, 132–140.PubMed Banaschewski, T., Hollis, C., Oosterlaan, J., Roeyers, H., Rubia, K., Willcutt, E., & Taylor, E. (2005). Towards an understanding of unique and shared pathways in the psychopathophysiology of ADHD. Developmental Science, 8, 132–140.PubMed
go back to reference Banaschewski, T., Jennen-Steinmetz, C., Brandeis, D., Buitelaar, J. K., Kuntsi, J., Poustka, L., et al. (2012). Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(11), 1139–1148.PubMedCentralPubMed Banaschewski, T., Jennen-Steinmetz, C., Brandeis, D., Buitelaar, J. K., Kuntsi, J., Poustka, L., et al. (2012). Neuropsychological correlates of emotional lability in children with ADHD. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(11), 1139–1148.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 65–94.PubMed Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 65–94.PubMed
go back to reference Barkley, R. A. (2010). Deficient emotional self-regulation: A core component of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of ADHD and Related Disorders, 1, 5–37. Barkley, R. A. (2010). Deficient emotional self-regulation: A core component of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of ADHD and Related Disorders, 1, 5–37.
go back to reference Barkley, R., Anastopoulos, A. D., Guevremont, D. C., & Fletcher, K. E. (1992). Adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Mother–adolescent interactions, family beliefs and conflicts, and maternal psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 263–288.PubMed Barkley, R., Anastopoulos, A. D., Guevremont, D. C., & Fletcher, K. E. (1992). Adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Mother–adolescent interactions, family beliefs and conflicts, and maternal psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 263–288.PubMed
go back to reference Barkley, R. A., & Fischer, M. (2010). The unique contribution of emotional impulsiveness to impairment in major life activities in hyperactive children as adults. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(5), 503–513.PubMed Barkley, R. A., & Fischer, M. (2010). The unique contribution of emotional impulsiveness to impairment in major life activities in hyperactive children as adults. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(5), 503–513.PubMed
go back to reference Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. (2006). Young adult outcome of hyperactive children: Adaptive functioning in major life activities. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 192–202.PubMed Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. (2006). Young adult outcome of hyperactive children: Adaptive functioning in major life activities. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 192–202.PubMed
go back to reference Barkley, R. A., Murphy, K. R., & Fischer, M. (2008). ADHD in adults: What the science tells us. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Barkley, R. A., Murphy, K. R., & Fischer, M. (2008). ADHD in adults: What the science tells us. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Beauchaine, T. P. (2001). Vagal tone, development, and Gray’s motivational theory: Toward an integrated model of autonomic nervous system functioning in psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 183–214.PubMed Beauchaine, T. P. (2001). Vagal tone, development, and Gray’s motivational theory: Toward an integrated model of autonomic nervous system functioning in psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 183–214.PubMed
go back to reference Beauchaine, T. P., Gartner, J., & Hagen, B. (2000). Comorbid depression and heart rate variability as predictors of aggressive and hyperactive symptom responsiveness during inpatient treatment of conduct‐disordered, ADHD boys. Aggressive Behavior, 26(6), 425–441. Beauchaine, T. P., Gartner, J., & Hagen, B. (2000). Comorbid depression and heart rate variability as predictors of aggressive and hyperactive symptom responsiveness during inpatient treatment of conduct‐disordered, ADHD boys. Aggressive Behavior, 26(6), 425–441.
go back to reference Beauchaine, T. P., Gatzke-Kopp, L., & Mead, H. K. (2007). Polyvagal theory and developmental psychopathology: Emotion dysregulation and conduct problems from preschool to adolescence. Biological Psychology, 74, 174–184.PubMedCentralPubMed Beauchaine, T. P., Gatzke-Kopp, L., & Mead, H. K. (2007). Polyvagal theory and developmental psychopathology: Emotion dysregulation and conduct problems from preschool to adolescence. Biological Psychology, 74, 174–184.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Bech, P. (2006). Rating scales in depression: Limitations and pitfalls. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 8(2), 207–215.PubMedCentralPubMed Bech, P. (2006). Rating scales in depression: Limitations and pitfalls. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 8(2), 207–215.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Bei, B., Byrne, M., Ivens, C., Waloszek, J., Woods, M., Dudgeon, P., et al. (2013). Pilot study of a mindfulness-based, multi-component, in-school group sleep intervention in adolescent girls. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 7(2), 213–220.PubMed Bei, B., Byrne, M., Ivens, C., Waloszek, J., Woods, M., Dudgeon, P., et al. (2013). Pilot study of a mindfulness-based, multi-component, in-school group sleep intervention in adolescent girls. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 7(2), 213–220.PubMed
go back to reference Berkowitz, L. (1999). Anger. In T. Dagleish & M. Power (Eds.), Handbook of cognition and emotion (pp. 411–428). Chichester: Wiley. Berkowitz, L. (1999). Anger. In T. Dagleish & M. Power (Eds.), Handbook of cognition and emotion (pp. 411–428). Chichester: Wiley.
go back to reference Biederman, I. (1972). Perceiving real-world scenes. Science, 177, 77–80.PubMed Biederman, I. (1972). Perceiving real-world scenes. Science, 177, 77–80.PubMed
go back to reference Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Spencer, T. J., Mick, E., Monuteaux, M. C., & Aleardi, M. (2006). Functional impairments in adults with self-reports of diagnosed ADHD: A controlled study of 1001 adults in the community. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 524–540.PubMed Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Spencer, T. J., Mick, E., Monuteaux, M. C., & Aleardi, M. (2006). Functional impairments in adults with self-reports of diagnosed ADHD: A controlled study of 1001 adults in the community. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 524–540.PubMed
go back to reference Biederman, J., Newcorn, J., & Sprich, S. (1991). Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety, and other disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 564–577.PubMed Biederman, J., Newcorn, J., & Sprich, S. (1991). Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety, and other disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 564–577.PubMed
go back to reference Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Lomedico, A., Day, H., Petty, C. R., & Faraone, S. V. (2012). Deficient emotional self-regulation and pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A family risk analysis. Psychological Medicine, 42(03), 639–646.PubMed Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Lomedico, A., Day, H., Petty, C. R., & Faraone, S. V. (2012). Deficient emotional self-regulation and pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A family risk analysis. Psychological Medicine, 42(03), 639–646.PubMed
go back to reference Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., et al. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230–241. Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., et al. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230–241.
go back to reference Bonanno, G. A. (2001). Emotion self-regulation. In T. J. Mayne & G. A. Bonanno (Eds.), Emotions (pp. 251–285). New York, NY: Guilford Press. Bonanno, G. A. (2001). Emotion self-regulation. In T. J. Mayne & G. A. Bonanno (Eds.), Emotions (pp. 251–285). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Braaten, E. B., & Rosen, L. A. (1997). Emotional reactions in adults with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Personality and Individual Differences, 22(3), 355–361. Braaten, E. B., & Rosen, L. A. (1997). Emotional reactions in adults with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Personality and Individual Differences, 22(3), 355–361.
go back to reference Braaten, E. B., & Rosen, L. A. (2000). Self-regulation of affect in attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and non-ADHD boys: Differences in empathic responding. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(2), 313–321.PubMed Braaten, E. B., & Rosen, L. A. (2000). Self-regulation of affect in attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and non-ADHD boys: Differences in empathic responding. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(2), 313–321.PubMed
go back to reference Bradley, B., DeFife, J. A., Guarnaccia, C., Phifer, J., Fani, N., Ressler, K. J., & Westen, D. (2011). Emotion dysregulation and negative affect: Association with psychiatric symptoms. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 72(5), 685–691.PubMed Bradley, B., DeFife, J. A., Guarnaccia, C., Phifer, J., Fani, N., Ressler, K. J., & Westen, D. (2011). Emotion dysregulation and negative affect: Association with psychiatric symptoms. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 72(5), 685–691.PubMed
go back to reference Britton, W., Lepp, N., Niles, H., Rocha, T., Fisher, N., & Gold, J. (2014). A randomized controlled pilot trial of classroom-based mindfulness meditation compared to an active control condition in sixth-grade children. Journal of School Psychology, 52(3), 263–278.PubMedCentralPubMed Britton, W., Lepp, N., Niles, H., Rocha, T., Fisher, N., & Gold, J. (2014). A randomized controlled pilot trial of classroom-based mindfulness meditation compared to an active control condition in sixth-grade children. Journal of School Psychology, 52(3), 263–278.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Brown, L. K., Hadley, W., & Stewart, A. (2012). Psychiatric disorders and sexual risk among adolescents in mental health treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 590–597. Brown, L. K., Hadley, W., & Stewart, A. (2012). Psychiatric disorders and sexual risk among adolescents in mental health treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 590–597.
go back to reference Buhrmester, D., Camparo, L., Christensen, A., Gonzalez, L. S., & Hinshaw, S. P. (1992). Mothers and fathers interacting in dyads and triads with normal and hyperactive sons. Developmental Psychology, 28(3), 500. Buhrmester, D., Camparo, L., Christensen, A., Gonzalez, L. S., & Hinshaw, S. P. (1992). Mothers and fathers interacting in dyads and triads with normal and hyperactive sons. Developmental Psychology, 28(3), 500.
go back to reference Bunford, N., Brandt, N., Golden, K., Dykstra, J., Owens, J. S., & Suhr, J. A. (2015a). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms mediate the association between neuropsychological and social impairment among children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43, 133–147.PubMed Bunford, N., Brandt, N., Golden, K., Dykstra, J., Owens, J. S., & Suhr, J. A. (2015a). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms mediate the association between neuropsychological and social impairment among children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43, 133–147.PubMed
go back to reference Bunford, N., Evans, S. W., Becker, S. A., & Langberg, J. M. (2015b). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social skills in youth: A moderated mediation model of emotion dysregulation and depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43, 283–296.PubMed Bunford, N., Evans, S. W., Becker, S. A., & Langberg, J. M. (2015b). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social skills in youth: A moderated mediation model of emotion dysregulation and depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43, 283–296.PubMed
go back to reference Bunford, N., Evans, S. W., & Langberg, J. M. (2014). Emotion dysregulation is associated with social impairment among young adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.1177/1087054714527793.PubMed Bunford, N., Evans, S. W., & Langberg, J. M. (2014). Emotion dysregulation is associated with social impairment among young adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.​1177/​1087054714527793​.PubMed
go back to reference Bunford, N., Evans, S. W., Zoccola, P. M. & Rybak, T. (2013). Validating a frustration task to assess emotion dysregulation in adolescents with ADHD. Poster presented at the semi-annual meeting of the International Society for Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Leuven, Belgium. Bunford, N., Evans, S. W., Zoccola, P. M. & Rybak, T. (2013). Validating a frustration task to assess emotion dysregulation in adolescents with ADHD. Poster presented at the semi-annual meeting of the International Society for Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Leuven, Belgium.
go back to reference Bushman, B. J., Baumeister, R. F., & Phillips, C. M. (2001). Do people aggress to improve their mood? Catharsis beliefs, affect regulation opportunity, and aggressive responding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(1), 17–32.PubMed Bushman, B. J., Baumeister, R. F., & Phillips, C. M. (2001). Do people aggress to improve their mood? Catharsis beliefs, affect regulation opportunity, and aggressive responding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(1), 17–32.PubMed
go back to reference Calkins, S. D. (1997). Cardiac vagal tone indices of temperamental reactivity and behavioral regulation in young children. Developmental Psychobiology, 31(2), 125–135.PubMed Calkins, S. D. (1997). Cardiac vagal tone indices of temperamental reactivity and behavioral regulation in young children. Developmental Psychobiology, 31(2), 125–135.PubMed
go back to reference Calkins, S. D., Gill, K. L., Johnson, M. C., & Smith, C. L. (1999). Emotional reactivity and emotional regulation strategies as predictors of social behavior with peers during toddlerhood. Social Development, 8(3), 310–334. Calkins, S. D., Gill, K. L., Johnson, M. C., & Smith, C. L. (1999). Emotional reactivity and emotional regulation strategies as predictors of social behavior with peers during toddlerhood. Social Development, 8(3), 310–334.
go back to reference Cassidy, J., Woodhouse, S. S., Sherman, L. J., Stupica, B., & Lejuez, C. W. (2011). Enhancing infant attachment security: An examination of treatment efficacy and differential susceptibility. Development and Psychopathology, 23, 131–148.PubMed Cassidy, J., Woodhouse, S. S., Sherman, L. J., Stupica, B., & Lejuez, C. W. (2011). Enhancing infant attachment security: An examination of treatment efficacy and differential susceptibility. Development and Psychopathology, 23, 131–148.PubMed
go back to reference Cassone, A. R. (2015). Mindfulness training as an adjunct to evidence-based treatment for ADHD within families. Journal of Attention Disorders, 19, 147–157.PubMed Cassone, A. R. (2015). Mindfulness training as an adjunct to evidence-based treatment for ADHD within families. Journal of Attention Disorders, 19, 147–157.PubMed
go back to reference Chang, L., Schwartz, D., Dodge, K. A., & McBride-Chang, C. (2003). Harsh parenting in relation to child emotion regulation and aggression. Journal of Family Psychology, 17(4), 598–606.PubMedCentralPubMed Chang, L., Schwartz, D., Dodge, K. A., & McBride-Chang, C. (2003). Harsh parenting in relation to child emotion regulation and aggression. Journal of Family Psychology, 17(4), 598–606.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Cicchetti, D., Ackerman, B. P., & Izard, C. E. (1995). Emotions and emotion regulation in developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 1–10. Cicchetti, D., Ackerman, B. P., & Izard, C. E. (1995). Emotions and emotion regulation in developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 1–10.
go back to reference Cole, P. M., Martin, S. E., & Dennis, T. A. (2004). Emotion regulation as a scientific construct: Methodological challenges and directions for child development research. Child Development, 75, 317–333.PubMed Cole, P. M., Martin, S. E., & Dennis, T. A. (2004). Emotion regulation as a scientific construct: Methodological challenges and directions for child development research. Child Development, 75, 317–333.PubMed
go back to reference Cooper, M. L., Shapiro, C. M., & Powers, A. M. (1998). Motivations for sex and risky sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults: a functional perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(6), 1528–1558.PubMed Cooper, M. L., Shapiro, C. M., & Powers, A. M. (1998). Motivations for sex and risky sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults: a functional perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(6), 1528–1558.PubMed
go back to reference Critchley, H. (2003). Emotion and its disorders: Imaging in clinical neuroscience. British Medical Bulletin, 65(1), 35–47.PubMed Critchley, H. (2003). Emotion and its disorders: Imaging in clinical neuroscience. British Medical Bulletin, 65(1), 35–47.PubMed
go back to reference Crockenberg, S. C., Leerkes, E. M., & Lekka, S. K. (2007). Pathways from marital aggression to infant emotion regulation: The development of withdrawal in infancy. Infant Behavior and Development, 30(1), 97–113.PubMed Crockenberg, S. C., Leerkes, E. M., & Lekka, S. K. (2007). Pathways from marital aggression to infant emotion regulation: The development of withdrawal in infancy. Infant Behavior and Development, 30(1), 97–113.PubMed
go back to reference Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Sylvers, P., Mead, H., & Chipman-Chacon, J. (2006). Autonomic correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in preschool children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(1), 174–178.PubMed Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Sylvers, P., Mead, H., & Chipman-Chacon, J. (2006). Autonomic correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in preschool children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(1), 174–178.PubMed
go back to reference Cupach, W., & Olson, L. (2006). Emotion regulation theory: A lens for viewing family conflict and violence. In D. Braithwaite & L. Baxter (Eds.), Engaging theories in family communication: Multiple perspectives (pp. 213–229). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc. Cupach, W., & Olson, L. (2006). Emotion regulation theory: A lens for viewing family conflict and violence. In D. Braithwaite & L. Baxter (Eds.), Engaging theories in family communication: Multiple perspectives (pp. 213–229). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc.
go back to reference Dan-Glauser, E., & Gross, J. (2011). The temporal dynamics of two response-focused forms of emotion regulation: Experiential, expressive, and autonomic consequences. Psychophysiology, 48, 1309–1322.PubMedCentralPubMed Dan-Glauser, E., & Gross, J. (2011). The temporal dynamics of two response-focused forms of emotion regulation: Experiential, expressive, and autonomic consequences. Psychophysiology, 48, 1309–1322.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Denham, S. A. (1998). Emotional development in young children. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Denham, S. A. (1998). Emotional development in young children. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Derryberry, D., & Rothbart, M. K. (1997). Reactive and effortful processes in the organization of temperament. Development and Psychopathology, 9(04), 633–652.PubMed Derryberry, D., & Rothbart, M. K. (1997). Reactive and effortful processes in the organization of temperament. Development and Psychopathology, 9(04), 633–652.PubMed
go back to reference Dunsmore, J. C., Booker, J. A., Ollendick, T. H., & Greene, R. W. (2015). Emotion socialization in the context of risk and psychopathology: Maternal emotion coaching predicts better treatment outcomes for emotionally labile children with oppositional defiant disorder. Social Development. doi:10.1111/sode.12109.PubMed Dunsmore, J. C., Booker, J. A., Ollendick, T. H., & Greene, R. W. (2015). Emotion socialization in the context of risk and psychopathology: Maternal emotion coaching predicts better treatment outcomes for emotionally labile children with oppositional defiant disorder. Social Development. doi:10.​1111/​sode.​12109.PubMed
go back to reference Evans, S. W., Owens, J. S., & Bunford, N. (2014). Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 43, 527–551.PubMed Evans, S. W., Owens, J. S., & Bunford, N. (2014). Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 43, 527–551.PubMed
go back to reference Fargason, R. E., & Ford, C. V. (1994). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: Diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Southern Medical Journal, 87, 302–309.PubMed Fargason, R. E., & Ford, C. V. (1994). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: Diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Southern Medical Journal, 87, 302–309.PubMed
go back to reference Farrell, A. D., & Danish, S. J. (1993). Peer drug associations and emotional restraint: Causes or consequences of adolescents’ drug use? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(2), 327–334.PubMed Farrell, A. D., & Danish, S. J. (1993). Peer drug associations and emotional restraint: Causes or consequences of adolescents’ drug use? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(2), 327–334.PubMed
go back to reference Feindler, E. L., & Ecton, R. B. (1986). Adolescent anger control: Cognitive-behavioral techniques. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press. Feindler, E. L., & Ecton, R. B. (1986). Adolescent anger control: Cognitive-behavioral techniques. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press.
go back to reference Finn, P. R., Sharkansky, E. J., Brandt, K. M., & Turcotte, N. (2000). The effects of familial risk, personality, and expectancies on alcohol use and abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 122–133.PubMed Finn, P. R., Sharkansky, E. J., Brandt, K. M., & Turcotte, N. (2000). The effects of familial risk, personality, and expectancies on alcohol use and abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 122–133.PubMed
go back to reference Fleming, A., & McMahon, R. (2012). Developmental context and treatment principles for ADHD among college students. Clinical Child Family Psychology Review, 15, 303–329.PubMed Fleming, A., & McMahon, R. (2012). Developmental context and treatment principles for ADHD among college students. Clinical Child Family Psychology Review, 15, 303–329.PubMed
go back to reference Fleming, A., McMahon, R., Moran, L., Peterson, A., & Dreessen, A. (2014). Pilot randomized controlled trial of dialectical behavior therapy group skills training for ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.1177/1087054714535951.PubMed Fleming, A., McMahon, R., Moran, L., Peterson, A., & Dreessen, A. (2014). Pilot randomized controlled trial of dialectical behavior therapy group skills training for ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.​1177/​1087054714535951​.PubMed
go back to reference Flory, K., Molina, B. S., Pelham, W. E, Jr, Gnagy, E., & Smith, B. (2006). Childhood ADHD predicts risky sexual behavior in young adulthood. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35(4), 571–577.PubMed Flory, K., Molina, B. S., Pelham, W. E, Jr, Gnagy, E., & Smith, B. (2006). Childhood ADHD predicts risky sexual behavior in young adulthood. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35(4), 571–577.PubMed
go back to reference Fresco, D. M., Wolfson, S. L., Crowther, J. H., & Docherty, N. M. (2002). Distinct and overlapping patterns of emotion regulation in the comorbidity of generalized anxiety disorder and the eating disorders. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Research in Psychopathology, San Francisco, California. Fresco, D. M., Wolfson, S. L., Crowther, J. H., & Docherty, N. M. (2002). Distinct and overlapping patterns of emotion regulation in the comorbidity of generalized anxiety disorder and the eating disorders. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Research in Psychopathology, San Francisco, California.
go back to reference Fristad, M. A., Weller, E. B., & Weller, R. A. (1992). The Mania Rating Scale: can it be used in children? A preliminary report. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(2), 252–257. Fristad, M. A., Weller, E. B., & Weller, R. A. (1992). The Mania Rating Scale: can it be used in children? A preliminary report. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(2), 252–257.
go back to reference Froehlich, T. E., Lanphear, B. P., Epstein, J. N., Barbaresi, W. J., Katusic, S. K., & Kahn, R. S. (2007). Prevalence, recognition, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a national sample of US children. Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine, 161, 857–864. Froehlich, T. E., Lanphear, B. P., Epstein, J. N., Barbaresi, W. J., Katusic, S. K., & Kahn, R. S. (2007). Prevalence, recognition, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a national sample of US children. Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine, 161, 857–864.
go back to reference Fruzzetti, A. E., Shenk, C., & Hoffman, P. D. (2005). Family interaction and the development of borderline personality disorder: A transactional model. Development and Psychopathology, 17(04), 1007–1030.PubMed Fruzzetti, A. E., Shenk, C., & Hoffman, P. D. (2005). Family interaction and the development of borderline personality disorder: A transactional model. Development and Psychopathology, 17(04), 1007–1030.PubMed
go back to reference Furlong, M. J., & Smith, D. C. (1994). Anger, hostility, and aggression: Assessment, prevention, and intervention strategies for youth. Brandon, VT: Clinical Psychology Publishing Company Inc. Furlong, M. J., & Smith, D. C. (1994). Anger, hostility, and aggression: Assessment, prevention, and intervention strategies for youth. Brandon, VT: Clinical Psychology Publishing Company Inc.
go back to reference Galanter, C. A., Carlson, G. A., Jensen, P. S., Greenhill, L. L., Davies, M., Li, W., & Swanson, J. M. (2003). Response to methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and manic symptoms in the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD titration trial. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 13, 123–136.PubMed Galanter, C. A., Carlson, G. A., Jensen, P. S., Greenhill, L. L., Davies, M., Li, W., & Swanson, J. M. (2003). Response to methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and manic symptoms in the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD titration trial. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 13, 123–136.PubMed
go back to reference Galéra, C., Messiah, A., Melchior, M., Chastang, J. F., Encrenaz, G., Lagarde, E., et al. (2010). Disruptive behaviors and early sexual intercourse: The GAZEL youth study. Psychiatry Research, 177(3), 361–363.PubMed Galéra, C., Messiah, A., Melchior, M., Chastang, J. F., Encrenaz, G., Lagarde, E., et al. (2010). Disruptive behaviors and early sexual intercourse: The GAZEL youth study. Psychiatry Research, 177(3), 361–363.PubMed
go back to reference Goldsmith, H., & Davidson, R. J. (2004). Disambiguating the components of emotion regulation. Child Development, 75, 361–365.PubMed Goldsmith, H., & Davidson, R. J. (2004). Disambiguating the components of emotion regulation. Child Development, 75, 361–365.PubMed
go back to reference Gottman, J. M., & Katz, L. F. (1989). Effects of marital discord on young children’s peer interaction and health. Developmental Psychology, 25, 373–381. Gottman, J. M., & Katz, L. F. (1989). Effects of marital discord on young children’s peer interaction and health. Developmental Psychology, 25, 373–381.
go back to reference Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41–54. Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41–54.
go back to reference Gratz, K. L., & Tull, M. T. (2010). The relationship between emotion dysregulation and deliberate self-harm among inpatient substance users. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34, 544–553.PubMedCentralPubMed Gratz, K. L., & Tull, M. T. (2010). The relationship between emotion dysregulation and deliberate self-harm among inpatient substance users. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34, 544–553.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 271–299. Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 271–299.
go back to reference Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, and future. Cognition and Emotion, 13, 551–573. Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, and future. Cognition and Emotion, 13, 551–573.
go back to reference Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 348–362.PubMed Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 348–362.PubMed
go back to reference Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R. W. (1995). Emotion elicitation using films. Cognition and Emotion, 9(1), 87–108. Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R. W. (1995). Emotion elicitation using films. Cognition and Emotion, 9(1), 87–108.
go back to reference Gruber, J. (2011). Can feeling too good be bad? Positive emotion persistence (PEP) in bipolar disorder. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 217–221. Gruber, J. (2011). Can feeling too good be bad? Positive emotion persistence (PEP) in bipolar disorder. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 217–221.
go back to reference Harty, S. C., Miller, C. J., Newcorn, J. H., & Halperin, J. M. (2009). Adolescents with childhood ADHD and comorbid disruptive behavior disorders: Aggression, anger, and hostility. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 40(1), 85–97.PubMedCentralPubMed Harty, S. C., Miller, C. J., Newcorn, J. H., & Halperin, J. M. (2009). Adolescents with childhood ADHD and comorbid disruptive behavior disorders: Aggression, anger, and hostility. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 40(1), 85–97.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Haydicky, J., Shecter, C., Wiener, J., & Ducharme, J. M. (2015). Evaluation of MBCT for adolescents with ADHD and their parents: Impact on individual and family functioning. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(1), 76–94. Haydicky, J., Shecter, C., Wiener, J., & Ducharme, J. M. (2015). Evaluation of MBCT for adolescents with ADHD and their parents: Impact on individual and family functioning. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(1), 76–94.
go back to reference Henker, B., & Whalen, C. K. (1989). Hyperactivity and attention deficits. American Psychologist, 44, 216–223.PubMed Henker, B., & Whalen, C. K. (1989). Hyperactivity and attention deficits. American Psychologist, 44, 216–223.PubMed
go back to reference Hessler, D. M., & Katz, L. F. (2010). Brief report: Associations between emotional competence and adolescent risky behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 33(1), 241–246.PubMedCentralPubMed Hessler, D. M., & Katz, L. F. (2010). Brief report: Associations between emotional competence and adolescent risky behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 33(1), 241–246.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Hesslinger, B., Tebartz van Elst, L., Nyberg, E., Dykierek, P., Richter, H., Berner, M., & Ebert, D. (2002). Psychotherapy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: A pilot study using a structured skills training program. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 252, 177–184.PubMed Hesslinger, B., Tebartz van Elst, L., Nyberg, E., Dykierek, P., Richter, H., Berner, M., & Ebert, D. (2002). Psychotherapy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: A pilot study using a structured skills training program. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 252, 177–184.PubMed
go back to reference Hinshaw, S. P., & Melnick, S. (1992). Self-management therapies and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Behavior Modification, 16, 253–273.PubMed Hinshaw, S. P., & Melnick, S. (1992). Self-management therapies and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Behavior Modification, 16, 253–273.PubMed
go back to reference Hinshaw, S. P., Owens, E. B., Sami, N., & Fargeon, S. (2006). Prospective follow-up of girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder into adolescence: Evidence for continuing cross-domain impairment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(3), 489.PubMed Hinshaw, S. P., Owens, E. B., Sami, N., & Fargeon, S. (2006). Prospective follow-up of girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder into adolescence: Evidence for continuing cross-domain impairment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(3), 489.PubMed
go back to reference Hjelland, I. E., Svebak, S., Berstad, A., Flatabø, G., & Hausken, T. (2007). Breathing exercises with vagal biofeedback may benefit patients with functional dyspepsia. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 42(9), 1054–1062.PubMed Hjelland, I. E., Svebak, S., Berstad, A., Flatabø, G., & Hausken, T. (2007). Breathing exercises with vagal biofeedback may benefit patients with functional dyspepsia. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 42(9), 1054–1062.PubMed
go back to reference Hosain, G. M., Berenson, A. B., Tennen, H., Bauer, L. O., & Wu, Z. H. (2012). Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and risky sexual behavior in young adult women. Journal of Women’s Health, 21(4), 463–468.PubMedCentralPubMed Hosain, G. M., Berenson, A. B., Tennen, H., Bauer, L. O., & Wu, Z. H. (2012). Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and risky sexual behavior in young adult women. Journal of Women’s Health, 21(4), 463–468.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Hoy, E., Weiss, G., Minde, K., & Cohen, N. (1978). The hyperactive child at adolescence: Emotional, social, and cognitive functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 6, 311–324.PubMed Hoy, E., Weiss, G., Minde, K., & Cohen, N. (1978). The hyperactive child at adolescence: Emotional, social, and cognitive functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 6, 311–324.PubMed
go back to reference Johnston, C., & Mash, E. J. (2001). Families of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Review and recommendations for future research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4(3), 183–207.PubMed Johnston, C., & Mash, E. J. (2001). Families of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Review and recommendations for future research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4(3), 183–207.PubMed
go back to reference Kassel, J. D., Jackson, S. I., & Unrod, M. (2000). Generalized expectancies for negative mood regulation and problem drinking among college students. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 61(2), 332–340.PubMed Kassel, J. D., Jackson, S. I., & Unrod, M. (2000). Generalized expectancies for negative mood regulation and problem drinking among college students. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 61(2), 332–340.PubMed
go back to reference Kats-Gold, I., Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2007). The role of simple emotion recognition skills among school aged boys at risk of ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 363–378.PubMed Kats-Gold, I., Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2007). The role of simple emotion recognition skills among school aged boys at risk of ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 363–378.PubMed
go back to reference Kessler, R., Adler, L., Barkley, R., Biederman, J., Conners, C., Demler, O., et al. (2006). The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(4), 716–723.PubMedCentralPubMed Kessler, R., Adler, L., Barkley, R., Biederman, J., Conners, C., Demler, O., et al. (2006). The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(4), 716–723.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Kim, H. K., Pears, K. C., Capaldi, D. M., & Owen, L. D. (2009). Emotion dysregulation in the intergenerational transmission of romantic relationship conflict. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(4), 585–595.PubMedCentralPubMed Kim, H. K., Pears, K. C., Capaldi, D. M., & Owen, L. D. (2009). Emotion dysregulation in the intergenerational transmission of romantic relationship conflict. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(4), 585–595.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Kobak, R. R., Cole, H. E., Ferenz-Gillies, R., Fleming, W. S., & Gamble, W. (1993). Attachment and emotion regulation during mother-teen problem solving: A control theory analysis. Child Development, 64, 231–245.PubMed Kobak, R. R., Cole, H. E., Ferenz-Gillies, R., Fleming, W. S., & Gamble, W. (1993). Attachment and emotion regulation during mother-teen problem solving: A control theory analysis. Child Development, 64, 231–245.PubMed
go back to reference Kovacs, M. (2004). Children’s depression inventory (CDI). Toronto: Multi-Health Systems Inc. Kovacs, M. (2004). Children’s depression inventory (CDI). Toronto: Multi-Health Systems Inc.
go back to reference Kovacs, M. (2009). Manual of contextual emotion regulation therapy for depression in childhood. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Kovacs, M. (2009). Manual of contextual emotion regulation therapy for depression in childhood. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Kovacs, M., & Lopez-Duran, N. (2012). Contextual emotion regulation therapy: A developmentally based intervention for pediatric depression. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 21(2), 327–343.PubMedCentralPubMed Kovacs, M., & Lopez-Duran, N. (2012). Contextual emotion regulation therapy: A developmentally based intervention for pediatric depression. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 21(2), 327–343.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Kowatch, R. A., Youngstrom, E. A., Danielyan, A., & Findling, R. L. (2005). Review and meta-analysis of the phenomenology and clinical characteristics of mania in children and adolescents. Bipolar Disorders, 7, 483–496.PubMed Kowatch, R. A., Youngstrom, E. A., Danielyan, A., & Findling, R. L. (2005). Review and meta-analysis of the phenomenology and clinical characteristics of mania in children and adolescents. Bipolar Disorders, 7, 483–496.PubMed
go back to reference Landau, S., & Moore, L. A. (1991). Social skill deficits in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. School Psychology Review, 20, 235–251. Landau, S., & Moore, L. A. (1991). Social skill deficits in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. School Psychology Review, 20, 235–251.
go back to reference Langberg, J. M., Epstein, J. N., Altaye, M., Molina, B. S., Arnold, L. E., & Vitiello, B. (2008). The transition to middle school is associated with changes in the developmental trajectory of ADHD symptomatology in young adolescents with ADHD. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37(3), 651–663. Langberg, J. M., Epstein, J. N., Altaye, M., Molina, B. S., Arnold, L. E., & Vitiello, B. (2008). The transition to middle school is associated with changes in the developmental trajectory of ADHD symptomatology in young adolescents with ADHD. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37(3), 651–663.
go back to reference Leahy, R. L. (2002). A model of emotional schemas. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 9(3), 177–190. Leahy, R. L. (2002). A model of emotional schemas. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 9(3), 177–190.
go back to reference Lemerise, E. A., & Arsenio, W. F. (2000). An integrated model of emotion processes and cognition in social information processing. Child Development, 71(1), 107–118.PubMed Lemerise, E. A., & Arsenio, W. F. (2000). An integrated model of emotion processes and cognition in social information processing. Child Development, 71(1), 107–118.PubMed
go back to reference Levitt, S. D., & List, J. A. (2007). What do laboratory experiments measuring social preferences reveal about the real world? The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 21(2), 153–174. Levitt, S. D., & List, J. A. (2007). What do laboratory experiments measuring social preferences reveal about the real world? The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 21(2), 153–174.
go back to reference Lewis, M. D., & Stieben, J. (2004). Emotion regulation in the brain: Conceptual issues and directions for developmental research. Child Development, 75, 371–376.PubMed Lewis, M. D., & Stieben, J. (2004). Emotion regulation in the brain: Conceptual issues and directions for developmental research. Child Development, 75, 371–376.PubMed
go back to reference Liehr, P., & Diaz, N. (2010). A pilot study examining the effect of mindfulness on depression and anxiety for minority children. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 24(1), 69–71.PubMed Liehr, P., & Diaz, N. (2010). A pilot study examining the effect of mindfulness on depression and anxiety for minority children. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 24(1), 69–71.PubMed
go back to reference Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Linehan, M. M., Bohus, M., & Lynch, T. R. (2007). Dialectical behavior therapy for pervasive emotion dysregulation: Theoretical and practical underpinnings. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 581–605). New York, NY: Guilford Press. Linehan, M. M., Bohus, M., & Lynch, T. R. (2007). Dialectical behavior therapy for pervasive emotion dysregulation: Theoretical and practical underpinnings. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 581–605). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Loeber, R., Wung, P., Keenan, K., Giroux, B., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W. B., & Maugham, B. (1993). Developmental pathways in disruptive child behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 5(1–2), 103–133. Loeber, R., Wung, P., Keenan, K., Giroux, B., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W. B., & Maugham, B. (1993). Developmental pathways in disruptive child behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 5(1–2), 103–133.
go back to reference Loney, J., Kramer, J., & Milich, R. (1981). The hyperkinetic child grows up: Predictors of symptoms, delinquency, and achievement at follow-up. In K. Gadow & J. Loney (Eds.), Psychosocial aspects of drug treatment for hyperactivity (pp. 381–415). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Loney, J., Kramer, J., & Milich, R. (1981). The hyperkinetic child grows up: Predictors of symptoms, delinquency, and achievement at follow-up. In K. Gadow & J. Loney (Eds.), Psychosocial aspects of drug treatment for hyperactivity (pp. 381–415). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
go back to reference Luman, M., Oosterlaan, J., & Sergeant, J. A. (2005). The impact of reinforcement contingencies on AD/HD: A review and theoretical appraisal. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(2), 183–213.PubMed Luman, M., Oosterlaan, J., & Sergeant, J. A. (2005). The impact of reinforcement contingencies on AD/HD: A review and theoretical appraisal. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(2), 183–213.PubMed
go back to reference MacDermott, S. T. (2011). The development and psychometric evaluation of two measures of emotion regulation for use with older children and adolescents. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. MacDermott, S. T. (2011). The development and psychometric evaluation of two measures of emotion regulation for use with older children and adolescents. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
go back to reference MacDermott, S. T., Gullone, E., Allen, J. S., King, N. J., & Tonge, B. (2010). The emotion regulation index for children and adolescents (ERICA): a psychometric investigation. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(3), 301–314. MacDermott, S. T., Gullone, E., Allen, J. S., King, N. J., & Tonge, B. (2010). The emotion regulation index for children and adolescents (ERICA): a psychometric investigation. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(3), 301–314.
go back to reference Maedgen, J. W., & Carlson, C. L. (2000). Social functioning and emotional regulation in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder subtypes. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29, 30–42.PubMed Maedgen, J. W., & Carlson, C. L. (2000). Social functioning and emotional regulation in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder subtypes. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29, 30–42.PubMed
go back to reference Martin, C. S., Lynch, K. G., Pollock, N. K., & Clark, D. B. (2000). Gender differences and similarities in the personality correlates of adolescent alcohol problems. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 14, 121–133.PubMed Martin, C. S., Lynch, K. G., Pollock, N. K., & Clark, D. B. (2000). Gender differences and similarities in the personality correlates of adolescent alcohol problems. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 14, 121–133.PubMed
go back to reference Mash, E. J., & Hunsley, J. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of child and adolescent disorders: Issues and challenges. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 362–379.PubMed Mash, E. J., & Hunsley, J. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of child and adolescent disorders: Issues and challenges. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 362–379.PubMed
go back to reference Maughan, A., & Cicchetti, D. (2002). Impact of child maltreatment and interadult violence on children’s emotion regulation abilities and socioemotional adjustment. Child Development, 73(5), 1525–1542.PubMed Maughan, A., & Cicchetti, D. (2002). Impact of child maltreatment and interadult violence on children’s emotion regulation abilities and socioemotional adjustment. Child Development, 73(5), 1525–1542.PubMed
go back to reference McCraty, R., Atkinson, M., Tiller, W. A., Rein, G., & Watkins, A. D. (1995). The effects of emotions on short-term power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability. The American Journal of Cardiology, 76(14), 1089–1093.PubMed McCraty, R., Atkinson, M., Tiller, W. A., Rein, G., & Watkins, A. D. (1995). The effects of emotions on short-term power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability. The American Journal of Cardiology, 76(14), 1089–1093.PubMed
go back to reference Melnick, S. M., & Hinshaw, S. P. (2000). Emotion regulation and parenting in AD/HD and comparison boys: Linkages with social behaviors and peer preference. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28, 73–86.PubMed Melnick, S. M., & Hinshaw, S. P. (2000). Emotion regulation and parenting in AD/HD and comparison boys: Linkages with social behaviors and peer preference. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 28, 73–86.PubMed
go back to reference Mennin, D. S., Holaway, R. M., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). Delineating components of emotion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology. Behavior Therapy, 38(3), 284–302.PubMed Mennin, D. S., Holaway, R. M., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). Delineating components of emotion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology. Behavior Therapy, 38(3), 284–302.PubMed
go back to reference Merwood, A., Chen, W., Rijsdijk, F., Skirrow, C., Larsson, H., Thapar, A., et al. (2014). Genetic associations between the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and emotional lability in child and adolescent twins. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(2), 209–220.PubMed Merwood, A., Chen, W., Rijsdijk, F., Skirrow, C., Larsson, H., Thapar, A., et al. (2014). Genetic associations between the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and emotional lability in child and adolescent twins. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(2), 209–220.PubMed
go back to reference Messman-Moore, T. L., Walsh, K. L., & DiLillo, D. (2010). Emotion dysregulation and risky sexual behavior in revictimization. Child Abuse and Neglect, 34(12), 967–976.PubMed Messman-Moore, T. L., Walsh, K. L., & DiLillo, D. (2010). Emotion dysregulation and risky sexual behavior in revictimization. Child Abuse and Neglect, 34(12), 967–976.PubMed
go back to reference Miller, A. L., Rathus, J. H., & Linehan, M. M. (2007). Dialectical behavior therapy with suicidal adolescents. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Miller, A. L., Rathus, J. H., & Linehan, M. M. (2007). Dialectical behavior therapy with suicidal adolescents. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Miranda, A., & Presentacion, M. (2000). Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of children with ADHD with and without aggressiveness. Psychology in the Schools, 37(2), 169–182. Miranda, A., & Presentacion, M. (2000). Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of children with ADHD with and without aggressiveness. Psychology in the Schools, 37(2), 169–182.
go back to reference Molina, B. S., Flory, K., Hinshaw, S. P., Greiner, A. R., Arnold, L. E., Swanson, J. M., et al. (2007). Delinquent behavior and emerging substance use in the MTA at 36 months: prevalence, course, and treatment effects. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(8), 1028–1040.PubMed Molina, B. S., Flory, K., Hinshaw, S. P., Greiner, A. R., Arnold, L. E., Swanson, J. M., et al. (2007). Delinquent behavior and emerging substance use in the MTA at 36 months: prevalence, course, and treatment effects. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(8), 1028–1040.PubMed
go back to reference Molina, B. S., & Pelham, W. E. (2003). Childhood predictors of adolescent substance use in a longitudinal study of children with ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112, 497–507.PubMed Molina, B. S., & Pelham, W. E. (2003). Childhood predictors of adolescent substance use in a longitudinal study of children with ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112, 497–507.PubMed
go back to reference Molina, B. S., Smith, B. H., & Pelham, W. E. (1999). Interactive effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder on early adolescent substance use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 13, 348–358. Molina, B. S., Smith, B. H., & Pelham, W. E. (1999). Interactive effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder on early adolescent substance use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 13, 348–358.
go back to reference Monuteaux, M. C., Faraone, S. V., Gross, L. M., & Biederman, J. (2007). Predictors, clinical characteristics, and outcome of conduct disorder in girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a longitudinal study. Psychological Medicine: A Journal of Research in Psychiatry and the Allied Sciences, 37(12), 1731–1741. Monuteaux, M. C., Faraone, S. V., Gross, L. M., & Biederman, J. (2007). Predictors, clinical characteristics, and outcome of conduct disorder in girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a longitudinal study. Psychological Medicine: A Journal of Research in Psychiatry and the Allied Sciences, 37(12), 1731–1741.
go back to reference Morris, S. E., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2012). Research Domain Criteria: cognitive systems, neural circuits, and dimensions of behavior. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 14(1), 29–37.PubMedCentralPubMed Morris, S. E., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2012). Research Domain Criteria: cognitive systems, neural circuits, and dimensions of behavior. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 14(1), 29–37.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Mulder, M. J., Baeyens, D., Davidson, M. C., Casey, B. J., Van Den Ban, E. V., Van Engeland, H., & Durston, S. (2008). Familial vulnerability to ADHD affects activity in the cerebellum in addition to the prefrontal systems. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47(1), 68–75.PubMed Mulder, M. J., Baeyens, D., Davidson, M. C., Casey, B. J., Van Den Ban, E. V., Van Engeland, H., & Durston, S. (2008). Familial vulnerability to ADHD affects activity in the cerebellum in addition to the prefrontal systems. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47(1), 68–75.PubMed
go back to reference Murphy, K., & Barkley, R. A. (1996). Prevalence of DSM-IV symptoms of ADHD in adult licensed drivers: Implications for clinical diagnosis. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1(3), 147–161. Murphy, K., & Barkley, R. A. (1996). Prevalence of DSM-IV symptoms of ADHD in adult licensed drivers: Implications for clinical diagnosis. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1(3), 147–161.
go back to reference Musser, E. D., Backs, R. W., Schmitt, C. F., Ablow, J. C., Measelle, J. R., & Nigg, J. T. (2011). Emotion regulation via the autonomic nervous system in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39, 841–852.PubMedCentralPubMed Musser, E. D., Backs, R. W., Schmitt, C. F., Ablow, J. C., Measelle, J. R., & Nigg, J. T. (2011). Emotion regulation via the autonomic nervous system in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39, 841–852.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Nakahara, H., Furuya, S., Francis, P. R., & Kinoshita, H. (2010). Psycho-physiological responses to expressive piano performance. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 75(3), 268–276.PubMed Nakahara, H., Furuya, S., Francis, P. R., & Kinoshita, H. (2010). Psycho-physiological responses to expressive piano performance. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 75(3), 268–276.PubMed
go back to reference Nelson-Gray, R., Keane, S., Hurst, R., Mitchell, J., Warburton, J., Chok, J., & Cobb, A. (2006). A modified DBT skills training for oppositional defiant adolescents: Promising preliminary findings. Behavior Research and Therapy, 44, 1811–1820. Nelson-Gray, R., Keane, S., Hurst, R., Mitchell, J., Warburton, J., Chok, J., & Cobb, A. (2006). A modified DBT skills training for oppositional defiant adolescents: Promising preliminary findings. Behavior Research and Therapy, 44, 1811–1820.
go back to reference Nigg, J. T. (2005). Neuropsychologic theory and findings in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the state of the field and salient challenges for the coming decade. Biological Psychiatry, 57(11), 1424–1435.PubMed Nigg, J. T. (2005). Neuropsychologic theory and findings in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the state of the field and salient challenges for the coming decade. Biological Psychiatry, 57(11), 1424–1435.PubMed
go back to reference Nigg, J. T. (2006). Temperament and developmental psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(3–4), 395–422.PubMed Nigg, J. T. (2006). Temperament and developmental psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(3–4), 395–422.PubMed
go back to reference Nigg, J. T. (2010). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder endophenotypes, structure, and etiological pathways. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19, 24–29. Nigg, J. T. (2010). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder endophenotypes, structure, and etiological pathways. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19, 24–29.
go back to reference Nigg, J. T., Blaskey, L. G., Huang-Pollock, C. L., & Rappley, M. D. (2002a). Neuropsychological executive functions and DSM-IV ADHD subtypes. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(1), 59–66.PubMed Nigg, J. T., Blaskey, L. G., Huang-Pollock, C. L., & Rappley, M. D. (2002a). Neuropsychological executive functions and DSM-IV ADHD subtypes. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(1), 59–66.PubMed
go back to reference Nigg, J. T., Goldsmith, H. H., & Sachek, J. (2004). Temperament and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The development of a multiple pathway model. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(1), 42–53.PubMed Nigg, J. T., Goldsmith, H. H., & Sachek, J. (2004). Temperament and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The development of a multiple pathway model. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(1), 42–53.PubMed
go back to reference Nigg, J. T., Hinshaw, S. P., & Halperin, J. M. (1996). Continuous performance test in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Methylphenidate dose response and relations with observed behaviors. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 25, 330–340. Nigg, J. T., Hinshaw, S. P., & Halperin, J. M. (1996). Continuous performance test in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Methylphenidate dose response and relations with observed behaviors. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 25, 330–340.
go back to reference Nigg, J. T., John, O. P., Blaskey, L. G., Huang-Pollock, C. L., Willcutt, E. G., Hinshaw, S. P., & Pennington, B. (2002b). Big five dimensions and ADHD symptoms: Links between personality traits and clinical symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(2), 451–469.PubMed Nigg, J. T., John, O. P., Blaskey, L. G., Huang-Pollock, C. L., Willcutt, E. G., Hinshaw, S. P., & Pennington, B. (2002b). Big five dimensions and ADHD symptoms: Links between personality traits and clinical symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(2), 451–469.PubMed
go back to reference Pelham, W. E., & Sams, S. E. (1992). Behavior modification. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 1, 255. Pelham, W. E., & Sams, S. E. (1992). Behavior modification. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 1, 255.
go back to reference Pfiffner, L. J., & McBurnett, K. (1997). Social skills training with parent generalization: Treatment effects for children with attention deficit disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 749–757.PubMed Pfiffner, L. J., & McBurnett, K. (1997). Social skills training with parent generalization: Treatment effects for children with attention deficit disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 749–757.PubMed
go back to reference Philipsen, A., Richter, H., Peters, J., Alm, B., Sobanski, E., Colla, M., et al. (2007). Structured group psychotherapy in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Results of an open multicentre study. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195, 1013–1019.PubMed Philipsen, A., Richter, H., Peters, J., Alm, B., Sobanski, E., Colla, M., et al. (2007). Structured group psychotherapy in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Results of an open multicentre study. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195, 1013–1019.PubMed
go back to reference Porges, S. W. (2001). The polyvagal theory: Phylogenetic substrates of a social nervous system. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42, 123–146.PubMed Porges, S. W. (2001). The polyvagal theory: Phylogenetic substrates of a social nervous system. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42, 123–146.PubMed
go back to reference Raes, F., Griffith, J., Gucht, K., & Williams, J. (2013). School-based prevention and reduction of depression in adolescents: A cluster-randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness group program. Mindfulness, 5, 477–486. Raes, F., Griffith, J., Gucht, K., & Williams, J. (2013). School-based prevention and reduction of depression in adolescents: A cluster-randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness group program. Mindfulness, 5, 477–486.
go back to reference Raffaelli, M., & Crockett, L. J. (2003). Sexual risk taking in adolescence: the role of self-regulation and attraction to risk. Developmental Psychology, 39(6), 1036.PubMed Raffaelli, M., & Crockett, L. J. (2003). Sexual risk taking in adolescence: the role of self-regulation and attraction to risk. Developmental Psychology, 39(6), 1036.PubMed
go back to reference Ranseen, J. D., Campbell, D. A., & Baer, R. A. (1998). NEO PI-R profiles of adults with attention deficit disorder. Assessment, 5(1), 19–24.PubMed Ranseen, J. D., Campbell, D. A., & Baer, R. A. (1998). NEO PI-R profiles of adults with attention deficit disorder. Assessment, 5(1), 19–24.PubMed
go back to reference Rohrbeck, C. A., Azar, S. T., & Wagner, P. E. (1991). Child self-control rating scale: Validation of a child self-report measure. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 179–183. Rohrbeck, C. A., Azar, S. T., & Wagner, P. E. (1991). Child self-control rating scale: Validation of a child self-report measure. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 179–183.
go back to reference Rosen, P. J., & Epstein, J. N. (2010). A pilot study of ecological momentary assessment of emotion dysregulation in children. Journal of ADHD and Related Disorders, 1(4), 39–52. Rosen, P. J., & Epstein, J. N. (2010). A pilot study of ecological momentary assessment of emotion dysregulation in children. Journal of ADHD and Related Disorders, 1(4), 39–52.
go back to reference Rosen, P. J., Epstein, J. N., & Van Orden, G. (2013). I know it when I quantify it: Ecological momentary assessment and recurrence quantification analysis of emotion dysregulation in children with ADHD. ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders, 5, 283–294. Rosen, P. J., Epstein, J. N., & Van Orden, G. (2013). I know it when I quantify it: Ecological momentary assessment and recurrence quantification analysis of emotion dysregulation in children with ADHD. ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders, 5, 283–294.
go back to reference Rosen, P. J., & Factor, P. I. (2012). Emotional impulsivity and emotional and behavioral difficulties among children with ADHD: An ecological momentary assessment study. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.1177/1087054712463064.PubMed Rosen, P. J., & Factor, P. I. (2012). Emotional impulsivity and emotional and behavioral difficulties among children with ADHD: An ecological momentary assessment study. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.​1177/​1087054712463064​.PubMed
go back to reference Salovey, P., Stroud, L. R., Woolery, A., & Epel, E. S. (2002). Perceived emotional intelligence, stress reactivity, and symptom reports: Further explorations using the trait meta-mood scale. Psychology and Health, 17(5), 611–627. Salovey, P., Stroud, L. R., Woolery, A., & Epel, E. S. (2002). Perceived emotional intelligence, stress reactivity, and symptom reports: Further explorations using the trait meta-mood scale. Psychology and Health, 17(5), 611–627.
go back to reference Schulz, M. S., Waldinger, R. J., Hauser, S. T., & Allen, J. P. (2005). Adolescents’ behavior in the presence of interparental hostility: Developmental and emotion regulatory influences. Development and Psychopathology, 17(2), 489–507.PubMedCentralPubMed Schulz, M. S., Waldinger, R. J., Hauser, S. T., & Allen, J. P. (2005). Adolescents’ behavior in the presence of interparental hostility: Developmental and emotion regulatory influences. Development and Psychopathology, 17(2), 489–507.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Scott, S., & O’Connor, T. (2012). An experimental test of differential susceptibility to parenting among emotionally dysregulated children in a randomized controlled trial for oppositional behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(11), 1184–1193.PubMed Scott, S., & O’Connor, T. (2012). An experimental test of differential susceptibility to parenting among emotionally dysregulated children in a randomized controlled trial for oppositional behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(11), 1184–1193.PubMed
go back to reference Semple, R., Reid, E., & Miller, L. (2005). Treating anxiety with mindfulness: An open trial of mindfulness training for anxious children. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 19(4), 379–392. Semple, R., Reid, E., & Miller, L. (2005). Treating anxiety with mindfulness: An open trial of mindfulness training for anxious children. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 19(4), 379–392.
go back to reference Seymour, K., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Halldorsdottir, T., Stupica, B., Owens, K., & Sacks, T. (2012). Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between ADHD and depressive symptoms in youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 595–606.PubMed Seymour, K., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Halldorsdottir, T., Stupica, B., Owens, K., & Sacks, T. (2012). Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between ADHD and depressive symptoms in youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 595–606.PubMed
go back to reference Seymour, K. E., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Iwamoto, D. K., Kurdziel, G., & MacPherson, L. (2014). Emotion regulation mediates the association between ADHD and depressive symptoms in a community sample of youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42(4), 611–621.PubMedCentralPubMed Seymour, K. E., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Iwamoto, D. K., Kurdziel, G., & MacPherson, L. (2014). Emotion regulation mediates the association between ADHD and depressive symptoms in a community sample of youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42(4), 611–621.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Shapiro, E. G., Hughes, S. J., August, G. J., & Bloomquist, M. L. (1993). Processing of emotional information in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Developmental Neuropsychology, 9(3–4), 207–224. Shapiro, E. G., Hughes, S. J., August, G. J., & Bloomquist, M. L. (1993). Processing of emotional information in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Developmental Neuropsychology, 9(3–4), 207–224.
go back to reference Shelton, D., Kesten, K., Zhang, W., & Trestman, R. (2011). Impact of a dialectic behavior therapy-corrections modified (DBT-CM) upon behaviorally challenged incarcerated male adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 24(2), 105–113.PubMedCentralPubMed Shelton, D., Kesten, K., Zhang, W., & Trestman, R. (2011). Impact of a dialectic behavior therapy-corrections modified (DBT-CM) upon behaviorally challenged incarcerated male adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 24(2), 105–113.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Shields, A. M., & Cicchetti, D. (1997). Emotion regulation and autonomy: The development and validation of two new criterion Q-sort scales. Developmental Psychology, 33, 906–916.PubMed Shields, A. M., & Cicchetti, D. (1997). Emotion regulation and autonomy: The development and validation of two new criterion Q-sort scales. Developmental Psychology, 33, 906–916.PubMed
go back to reference Singh, S. D., Ellis, C. R., Winton, A. S., Singh, N. N., Leung, J. P., & Oswald, D. P. (1998). Recognition of facial expressions of emotion by children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Behavior Modification, 22(2), 128–142.PubMed Singh, S. D., Ellis, C. R., Winton, A. S., Singh, N. N., Leung, J. P., & Oswald, D. P. (1998). Recognition of facial expressions of emotion by children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Behavior Modification, 22(2), 128–142.PubMed
go back to reference Sjöwall, D., Roth, L., Lindqvist, S., & Thorell, L. B. (2013). Multiple deficits in ADHD: Executive dysfunction, delay aversion, reaction time variability, and emotional deficits. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(6), 619–627.PubMedCentralPubMed Sjöwall, D., Roth, L., Lindqvist, S., & Thorell, L. B. (2013). Multiple deficits in ADHD: Executive dysfunction, delay aversion, reaction time variability, and emotional deficits. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(6), 619–627.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Skowron, E. A. (2000). The role of differentiation of self in marital adjustment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 229–237. Skowron, E. A. (2000). The role of differentiation of self in marital adjustment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 229–237.
go back to reference Skowron, E. A., & Friedlander, M. L. (1998). The differentiation of self inventory: Development and initial validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 235–246. Skowron, E. A., & Friedlander, M. L. (1998). The differentiation of self inventory: Development and initial validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 235–246.
go back to reference Snyder, J., Schrepferman, L., & St. Peter, C. (1997). Origins of antisocial behavior: Negative reinforcement and affect dysregulation of behavior as socialization mechanisms in family interaction. Behavior Modification, 21, 187–215.PubMed Snyder, J., Schrepferman, L., & St. Peter, C. (1997). Origins of antisocial behavior: Negative reinforcement and affect dysregulation of behavior as socialization mechanisms in family interaction. Behavior Modification, 21, 187–215.PubMed
go back to reference Sobanski, E., Banaschewski, T., Asherson, P., Buitelaar, J., Chen, W., Franke, B., et al. (2010). Emotional lability in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): clinical correlates and familial prevalence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(8), 915–923.PubMed Sobanski, E., Banaschewski, T., Asherson, P., Buitelaar, J., Chen, W., Franke, B., et al. (2010). Emotional lability in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): clinical correlates and familial prevalence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(8), 915–923.PubMed
go back to reference Soto, C. J., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2008). The developmental psychometrics of big five self-reports: Acquiescence, factor structure, coherence, and differentiation from ages 10 to 20. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 718–737.PubMed Soto, C. J., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2008). The developmental psychometrics of big five self-reports: Acquiescence, factor structure, coherence, and differentiation from ages 10 to 20. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 718–737.PubMed
go back to reference Storebø, O. J., Skoog, M., Damm, D., Thomsen, P. H., Simonsen, E., & Gluud, C. (2011). Social skills training for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years. Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008223.pub2. Storebø, O. J., Skoog, M., Damm, D., Thomsen, P. H., Simonsen, E., & Gluud, C. (2011). Social skills training for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years. Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews. doi:10.​1002/​14651858.​CD008223.​pub2.
go back to reference Stringaris, A., Cohen, P., Pine, D., & Leibenluft, E. (2009). Adult outcomes of youth irritability: a 20-year prospective community-based study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(9), 1048–1054.PubMedCentralPubMed Stringaris, A., Cohen, P., Pine, D., & Leibenluft, E. (2009). Adult outcomes of youth irritability: a 20-year prospective community-based study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(9), 1048–1054.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Surman, C. B., Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Yorks, D., Miller, C. A., Petty, C. R., & Faraone, S. V. (2011). Deficient emotional self-regulation and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A family risk analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(6), 617–623.PubMed Surman, C. B., Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Yorks, D., Miller, C. A., Petty, C. R., & Faraone, S. V. (2011). Deficient emotional self-regulation and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A family risk analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(6), 617–623.PubMed
go back to reference Tacon, A. M., McComb, J., Caldera, Y., & Randolph, P. (2003). Mindfulness meditation, anxiety reduction, and heart disease: a pilot study. Family & Community Health, 26, 25–33. Tacon, A. M., McComb, J., Caldera, Y., & Randolph, P. (2003). Mindfulness meditation, anxiety reduction, and heart disease: a pilot study. Family & Community Health, 26, 25–33.
go back to reference Tarter, R., Blackson, T., Brigham, J., Moss, H., & Caprara, G. (1995). Precursors and correlates of irritability: A two year follow-up of boys at risk for substance abuse. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 39, 253–261.PubMed Tarter, R., Blackson, T., Brigham, J., Moss, H., & Caprara, G. (1995). Precursors and correlates of irritability: A two year follow-up of boys at risk for substance abuse. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 39, 253–261.PubMed
go back to reference Thompson, R. A. (1994). Emotion regulation: A theme in search of definition. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(2–3, Serial No. 240), 25–52. Thompson, R. A. (1994). Emotion regulation: A theme in search of definition. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(2–3, Serial No. 240), 25–52.
go back to reference Trupin, E. W., Stewart, D. G., Beach, B., & Boesky, L. (2002). Effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy program for incarcerated female juvenile offenders. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 7, 121–127. Trupin, E. W., Stewart, D. G., Beach, B., & Boesky, L. (2002). Effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy program for incarcerated female juvenile offenders. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 7, 121–127.
go back to reference Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Luterek, J. A., Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Emotion dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder: A comparison with social anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29(1), 89–106. Turk, C. L., Heimberg, R. G., Luterek, J. A., Mennin, D. S., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Emotion dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder: A comparison with social anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29(1), 89–106.
go back to reference Tutty, S., Gephart, H., & Wurzbacher, K. (2003). Enhancing behavioral and social skill functioning in children newly diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a pediatric setting. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 24, 51–57.PubMed Tutty, S., Gephart, H., & Wurzbacher, K. (2003). Enhancing behavioral and social skill functioning in children newly diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a pediatric setting. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 24, 51–57.PubMed
go back to reference van de Weijer-Bergsma, E., Formsma, A. R., de Bruin, E. I., & Bögels, S. M. (2011). The effectiveness of mindfulness training on behavioral problems and attentional functioning in adolescents with ADHD. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 21(5), 775–787.PubMedCentralPubMed van de Weijer-Bergsma, E., Formsma, A. R., de Bruin, E. I., & Bögels, S. M. (2011). The effectiveness of mindfulness training on behavioral problems and attentional functioning in adolescents with ADHD. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 21(5), 775–787.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Van der Oord, S., Bögels, S. M., & Peijnenburg, D. (2012). The effectiveness of mindfulness training for children with ADHD and mindful parenting for their parents. Journal of child and family studies, 21(1), 139–147.PubMedCentralPubMed Van der Oord, S., Bögels, S. M., & Peijnenburg, D. (2012). The effectiveness of mindfulness training for children with ADHD and mindful parenting for their parents. Journal of child and family studies, 21(1), 139–147.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Vasilev, C. A., Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., Mead, H. K., & Gatzke-Kopp, L. M. (2009). Correspondence between physiological and self-report measures of emotion dysregulation: A longitudinal investigation of youth with and without psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50, 1357–1364.PubMed Vasilev, C. A., Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., Mead, H. K., & Gatzke-Kopp, L. M. (2009). Correspondence between physiological and self-report measures of emotion dysregulation: A longitudinal investigation of youth with and without psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50, 1357–1364.PubMed
go back to reference Verdejo-García, A., Bechara, A., Recknor, E. C., & Pérez-García, M. (2007). Negative emotion-driven impulsivity predicts substance dependence problems. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 91(2), 213–219.PubMed Verdejo-García, A., Bechara, A., Recknor, E. C., & Pérez-García, M. (2007). Negative emotion-driven impulsivity predicts substance dependence problems. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 91(2), 213–219.PubMed
go back to reference Waite, R. (2007). Women and attention deficit disorders: A great burden overlooked. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 19(3), 116–125.PubMed Waite, R. (2007). Women and attention deficit disorders: A great burden overlooked. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 19(3), 116–125.PubMed
go back to reference Walden, T. A., Harris, V. S., & Catron, T. F. (2003). How I feel: A self-report measure of emotional arousal and regulation for children. Psychological Assessment, 15(3), 399–412.PubMed Walden, T. A., Harris, V. S., & Catron, T. F. (2003). How I feel: A self-report measure of emotional arousal and regulation for children. Psychological Assessment, 15(3), 399–412.PubMed
go back to reference Waxmonsky, J., Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E., Cummings, M. R., O’Connor, B., Majumdar, A., et al. (2008). The efficacy and tolerability of methylphenidate and behavior modification in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and severe mood dysregulation. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 18(6), 573–588.PubMedCentralPubMed Waxmonsky, J., Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E., Cummings, M. R., O’Connor, B., Majumdar, A., et al. (2008). The efficacy and tolerability of methylphenidate and behavior modification in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and severe mood dysregulation. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 18(6), 573–588.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Webb, T., Miles, E., & Sheeran, P. (2012). Dealing with feeling: Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of strategies derived from process model of emotion regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 138(4), 775–808.PubMed Webb, T., Miles, E., & Sheeran, P. (2012). Dealing with feeling: Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of strategies derived from process model of emotion regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 138(4), 775–808.PubMed
go back to reference Wei, M., Heppner, P. P., & Mallinckrodt, B. (2003). Perceived coping as a mediator between attachment and psychological distress: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 438–447. Wei, M., Heppner, P. P., & Mallinckrodt, B. (2003). Perceived coping as a mediator between attachment and psychological distress: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 438–447.
go back to reference Wei, M., Vogel, D. L., Ku, T. Y., & Zakalik, R. A. (2005). Adult attachment, affect regulation, negative mood, and interpersonal problems: The mediating roles of emotional reactivity and emotional cutoff. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(1), 14–24. Wei, M., Vogel, D. L., Ku, T. Y., & Zakalik, R. A. (2005). Adult attachment, affect regulation, negative mood, and interpersonal problems: The mediating roles of emotional reactivity and emotional cutoff. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(1), 14–24.
go back to reference Weinberg, A., & Klonsky, E. D. (2009). Measurement of emotion dysregulation in adolescents. Psychological Assessment, 21, 616–621.PubMed Weinberg, A., & Klonsky, E. D. (2009). Measurement of emotion dysregulation in adolescents. Psychological Assessment, 21, 616–621.PubMed
go back to reference Weiss, G., Hechtman, L., Milroy, T., & Perlman, T. (1985). Psychiatric status of hyperactives as adults: A controlled prospective 15-year follow-up of 63 hyperactive children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 24(2), 211–220.PubMed Weiss, G., Hechtman, L., Milroy, T., & Perlman, T. (1985). Psychiatric status of hyperactives as adults: A controlled prospective 15-year follow-up of 63 hyperactive children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 24(2), 211–220.PubMed
go back to reference Weiss, N. H., Tull, M. T., Viana, A. G., Anestis, M. D., & Gratz, K. L. (2012). Impulsive behaviors as an emotion regulation strategy: Examining associations between PTSD, emotion dysregulation, and impulsive behaviors among substance dependent inpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), 453–458.PubMedCentralPubMed Weiss, N. H., Tull, M. T., Viana, A. G., Anestis, M. D., & Gratz, K. L. (2012). Impulsive behaviors as an emotion regulation strategy: Examining associations between PTSD, emotion dysregulation, and impulsive behaviors among substance dependent inpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), 453–458.PubMedCentralPubMed
go back to reference Whiteside, S. P., & Lynam, D. R. (2001). The five factor model and impulsivity: Using a structural model of personality to understand impulsivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 669–689. Whiteside, S. P., & Lynam, D. R. (2001). The five factor model and impulsivity: Using a structural model of personality to understand impulsivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 669–689.
go back to reference Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., Brown, S., Tanguay, S., Monuteaux, M. C., Blake, C., & Spencer, T. J. (2002). Psychiatric comorbidity and functioning in clinically referred preschool children and school-age youths with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(3), 262–268.PubMed Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., Brown, S., Tanguay, S., Monuteaux, M. C., Blake, C., & Spencer, T. J. (2002). Psychiatric comorbidity and functioning in clinically referred preschool children and school-age youths with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(3), 262–268.PubMed
go back to reference Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., & Mick, E. (1998). Does ADHD affect the course of substance abuse?: Findings from a sample of adults with and without ADHD. The American Journal on Addictions, 7(2), 156–163.PubMed Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., & Mick, E. (1998). Does ADHD affect the course of substance abuse?: Findings from a sample of adults with and without ADHD. The American Journal on Addictions, 7(2), 156–163.PubMed
go back to reference Willcutt, E., Sonuga-Barke, E., Nigg, J., & Sergeant, J. (2008). Recent developments in neuropsychological models of childhood psychiatric disorders. Biological Child Psychiatry, 24, 195–226. Willcutt, E., Sonuga-Barke, E., Nigg, J., & Sergeant, J. (2008). Recent developments in neuropsychological models of childhood psychiatric disorders. Biological Child Psychiatry, 24, 195–226.
go back to reference Winters, K. C., Botzet, A. M., Fahnhorst, T., Baumel, L., & Lee, S. (2009). Impulsivity and its relationship to risky sexual behaviors and drug use. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Use, 18(1), 43–56. Winters, K. C., Botzet, A. M., Fahnhorst, T., Baumel, L., & Lee, S. (2009). Impulsivity and its relationship to risky sexual behaviors and drug use. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Use, 18(1), 43–56.
go back to reference Wise, T. N., Mann, L. S., & Randell, P. (1995). The stability of alexithymia in depressed patients. Psychopathology, 28(4), 173–176.PubMed Wise, T. N., Mann, L. S., & Randell, P. (1995). The stability of alexithymia in depressed patients. Psychopathology, 28(4), 173–176.PubMed
go back to reference Wolraich, M. L., Wibbelsman, C. J., Brown, T. E., Evans, S. W., Gotlieb, E. M., Knight, J. R., et al. (2005). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among adolescents: a review of the diagnosis, treatment, and clinical implications. Pediatrics, 115(6), 1734–1746.PubMed Wolraich, M. L., Wibbelsman, C. J., Brown, T. E., Evans, S. W., Gotlieb, E. M., Knight, J. R., et al. (2005). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among adolescents: a review of the diagnosis, treatment, and clinical implications. Pediatrics, 115(6), 1734–1746.PubMed
go back to reference Wymbs, B. T., Dawson, A. E., Suhr, J. A., Bunford, N., & Gidycz, C. A. (in press). ADHD symptoms as risk factors for intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization among men and women in college. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. doi:10.1177/0886260515586371. Wymbs, B. T., Dawson, A. E., Suhr, J. A., Bunford, N., & Gidycz, C. A. (in press). ADHD symptoms as risk factors for intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization among men and women in college. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. doi:10.​1177/​0886260515586371​.
go back to reference Wymbs, B. T., Molina, B., Pelham, W., Cheong, J., Gnagy, E., Belendiuk, K., et al. (2012). Risk of intimate partner violence among young adult males with childhood ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.1177/1087054710389987. Wymbs, B. T., Molina, B., Pelham, W., Cheong, J., Gnagy, E., Belendiuk, K., et al. (2012). Risk of intimate partner violence among young adult males with childhood ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders. doi:10.​1177/​1087054710389987​.
go back to reference Zalecki, C. A., & Hinshaw, S. P. (2004). Overt and relational aggression in girls with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(1), 125–137.PubMed Zalecki, C. A., & Hinshaw, S. P. (2004). Overt and relational aggression in girls with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(1), 125–137.PubMed
go back to reference Zylowska, L., Ackerman, D. L., Yang, M. H., Futrell, J. L., Horton, N. L., Hale, T. S., et al. (2008). Mindfulness meditation training in adults and adolescents with ADHD: A feasibility study. Journal of Attention Disorders, 11, 737–746.PubMed Zylowska, L., Ackerman, D. L., Yang, M. H., Futrell, J. L., Horton, N. L., Hale, T. S., et al. (2008). Mindfulness meditation training in adults and adolescents with ADHD: A feasibility study. Journal of Attention Disorders, 11, 737–746.PubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
ADHD and Emotion Dysregulation Among Children and Adolescents
Auteurs
Nora Bunford
Steven W. Evans
Frances Wymbs
Publicatiedatum
01-09-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review / Uitgave 3/2015
Print ISSN: 1096-4037
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2827
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-015-0187-5