Introduction
Methods
Identification and selection of relevant publications and research
Data extraction
-
socio-demographic characteristics of subjects
-
clinical characteristics for subjects with active TB (pulmonary/extra-pulmonary disease, smear status, re-treatment)
-
behavioral risks (smoking, alcohol abuse, and injection drug use),
-
study design features (subject recruitment mechanisms and inclusion/exclusion criteria),
-
accounting for subjects who were (a) eligible from the target population, (b) approached of those eligible, (c) recruited of those approached, (d) completed evaluations of those recruited, and (e) included in the analysis of those who completed evaluations,
-
HRQOL questionnaire administration (subject self-administered/interviewer-administered, language of administration, timing with respect to TB diagnosis and treatment, proxy respondents), and
-
HRQOL results, by subject group
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristics of all subjects
Subject Group | Characteristics | Studies reporting | Number of subjects with available information (% of subjects in that category) | Number of subjects (%) with attribute |
---|---|---|---|---|
All subjects (N = 6,028) 36 articles, 28 unique cohorts of TB patients | Demographics | |||
Women | 27 | 5805 (96) | 2408 (42) | |
Mean age—years | 13 | 2001 (33) | 42 | |
Foreign-born | 6 | 1049 (17) | 790 (75) | |
Median duration in study country—years | 3 | 368 (6) | 3–7 | |
Racial/ethnic minority | 6 | 991 (16) | 517 (52) | |
Socioeconomic | ||||
Completed ≤ primary school % per study | 14 | 3820 (63) | 8–89 | |
Unemployed % per study | 9 | 2316 (39) | 7–80 | |
Co-infection status and health behaviors | ||||
HIV co-infection | 10 | 2360 (39) | 696 (29) | |
Smokers | 9 | 1602 (27) | 597 (37) | |
Alcohol abuse | 5 | 916 (15) | 444 (48) | |
Injection drug use | 2 | 368 (6) | 19 (5) | |
Active TB (n = 3,541, 59 %), 24 unique cohorts | Demographics | |||
Women | 23 | 3524 (99) | 1360 (39) | |
Mean age—years | 18 | 2233 (63) | 40 | |
Foreign-born | 5 | 416 (12) | 324 (78) | |
Median duration in study country—years | 2 | 122 (3) | 3–7 | |
Racial/ethnic minority | – | – | – | |
Socioeconomic | ||||
Completed ≤ primary school % per study | 12 | 2410 (68) | 9–76 | |
Unemployed % per study | 9 | 1749 (49) | 7–80 | |
Co-infection status and health behaviors | ||||
HIV co-infection | 8 | 722 (20) | 213 (30) | |
LTBI (n = 639, 11 %), 6 unique cohorts | Demographics | |||
Women | 5 | 614 (96) | 308 (48) | |
Mean age—years | 5 | 614 (96) | 39 | |
Foreign-born | 3 | 299 (47) | 260 (41) | |
Co-infection status and health behaviors | ||||
HIV co-infection | 5 | 561 (88) | 16 (3) | |
Controls (n = 1049, 17 %), 8 unique cohorts | Demographics | |||
Women | 5 | 611 (58) | 251 (24) | |
Mean age—years | 5 | 611 (58) | 38 | |
Socioeconomic | ||||
Completed ≤ primary school % per study | 4 | 383 (37) | 7–26 |
Measures of HRQOL instrument discrimination | Patient groups | ||
---|---|---|---|
Total sample | Active TB | LTBI | |
Ceiling effects | |||
Number of studies reporting | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Range of proportion of subjects reporting maximum score per study | 5.4–53 | 0–25 | 7.2 |
Floor effects | |||
Number of studies reporting | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Range of proportion of subjects reporting minimum score per study | 0−4.0 | 0–2.9 | 0 |
Study [Reference] | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Summary score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aghanwa [1] | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
Aydin [2] | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
Babikako [3] | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 |
Bauer [4] | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 13 |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 | |
Deribew [12] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 11 |
1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | |
Dhuria [15] | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 |
2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 10 | |
Fu [20] | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Guo [21] | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 |
Husain [26] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 8 |
Kruijshaar [29] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 11 |
Lopez-Campos [31] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
Maguire [32] | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 |
Marra [33] | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 9 |
Muniyandi [35] | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 13 |
Pasipanodya [38] | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 9 |
Pehrsson [39] | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
Rajeswari [40] | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 |
2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 11 | |
Vinaccia [49] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
Westaway [53] | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 10 |
2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | |
Yang [59] | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Yelken [60] | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Author [reference] | Instrumenta
| Time1 (T1) | Time2 (T2) | Time3 (T3) | Effect size, T1–T3 | Effect size, T1–T2 | Effect size, T2–T3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DR-12 | Start of TB treatment | 2 months treatment | End of treatment | 2.05b
| 1.72b
| 0.56b
| |
Dhuria [15] | WHOQOL-BREF | Start of TB treatment | 3 months treatment | End of treatment | 1.51b
| 1.03b
| 0.58b
|
Kruijshaar [29] | SF-36—PCS | TB diagnosis | 2 months treatment | – | – | 0.23 | – |
Kruijshaar [29] | SF-36—MCS | TB diagnosis | 2 months treatment | – | – | 0.72b
| – |
Kruijshaar [29] | STAI-6 | TB diagnosis | 2 months treatment | – | – | 0.24 | – |
Kruijshaar [29] | CES-D | TB diagnosis | 2 months treatment | – | – | 0.72b
| – |
Maguire [32] | Modified SGRQ | TB diagnosis | 2 months treatment | 6 months treatment | 2.64b
| 1.80b
| 0.97b
|
Marra [33] | SF-36, PCS | TB diagnosis | – | 6 months treatment | 0.06 | – | – |
Marra [33] | SF-36, MCS | TB diagnosis | – | 6 months treatment | 0.19 | – | – |
Marra [33] | BDI | TB diagnosis | – | 6 months treatment | 0.31 | – | – |