Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

03-10-2022 | LETTER TO THE EDITOR

A Randomized Controlled Study of a French Compassionate Mind Training

Auteurs: Isabelle Leboeuf, Eva Andreotti, Chris Irons, Elaine Beaumont, Pascal Antoine

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 11/2022

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Objectives

Compassionate mind training (CMT) is an intervention that consists of a series of exercises used in compassion-focused therapy to reduce fears, blocks, and resistance toward compassion; increase the compassionate motivation of the participants for themselves (self-compassion) and for others; help them receive compassion; and finally improve the qualities related to compassion. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of an online adaptation of CMT for a French-speaking population and its influence on the variables of compassion, psychological distress, and psychological well-being. Furthermore, it aimed to explore the maintenance of these changes 1 month after the end of the program.

Methods

The adaptation also included the addition of pro-social guided imagery and behavioral activation not commonly included in traditional CMT interventions. The intervention involved daily exercises over a 4-week period made accessible remotely through a website. A sample from the general population was assigned by block-stratified randomization into two equivalent groups: a control group (n = 57) and an intervention group (n = 33). The self-assessment measures were carried out pre- and postintervention as well as 1 month after the end of the intervention. They included scales of anxiety, depression, stress, self-compassion, compassion, mindfulness, and psychological well-being.

Results

The results indicate that the intervention increased compassion in two dimensions, compassion received from others and self-compassion, and that these effects were maintained after 1 month. The intervention had a significant effect on depression, anxiety, and stress, and this effect was maintained after 1 month. Self-criticism was also reduced, but this effect was no longer significant after 1 month. Regarding emotional regulation, only the mindfulness variable was significantly increased, and the effect was significant at 1 month. Finally, with respect to psychological well-being, the variables of personal growth and positive relationships were both shown to improve, but these effects were no longer significant after 1 month.This 4-week CMT online intervention was shown to have beneficial effects on mental health indicators in a nonclinical sample. The effects were maintained after 1 month on some variables, specifically compassion, self-compassion, and mindfulness, but not all variables. The addition of pro-social exercises helped create a sense of positive relationships, but this effect was not significant after 1 month.

Conclusion

This research seems to indicate that CMT could be a promising avenue for remote interventions.
Literatuur
go back to reference Blais, M. R., Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., & Brière, N. M. (1989). L'échelle de satisfaction de vie: Validation canadienne-française du "Satisfaction with Life Scale" [The satisfaction scale: Canadian-French validation of the Satisfaction with Life Scale]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 21(2), 210–223. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079854 Blais, M. R., Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., & Brière, N. M. (1989). L'échelle de satisfaction de vie: Validation canadienne-française du "Satisfaction with Life Scale" [The satisfaction scale: Canadian-French validation of the Satisfaction with Life Scale]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 21(2), 210–223. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​h0079854
go back to reference Bourque, P., & Beaudette, D. (1982). Étude psychométrique du questionnaire de dépression de Beck auprès d’un échantillon d’étudiants universitaires francophones. [Psychometric study of the Beck Depression Inventory on a sample of French-speaking university students]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 14(3), 211–218. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0081254CrossRef Bourque, P., & Beaudette, D. (1982). Étude psychométrique du questionnaire de dépression de Beck auprès d’un échantillon d’étudiants universitaires francophones. [Psychometric study of the Beck Depression Inventory on a sample of French-speaking university students]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 14(3), 211–218. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​h0081254CrossRef
go back to reference Gauthier, J., & Bouchard, S. (1993). Adaptation canadienne-française de la forme révisée du State-Trait Anxiety Inventory de Spielberger. [A French-Canadian adaptation of the revised version of Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 25(4), 559–578. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0078881CrossRef Gauthier, J., & Bouchard, S. (1993). Adaptation canadienne-française de la forme révisée du State-Trait Anxiety Inventory de Spielberger. [A French-Canadian adaptation of the revised version of Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 25(4), 559–578. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​h0078881CrossRef
go back to reference Gilbert, P. (2014). Social mentalities: Internal ‘social’ conflicts and the role of inner warmth and compassion in cognitive therapy. In P. Gilbert & Bailey K.G (eds.), Genes on the couch (pp.128–160). Routledge Gilbert, P. (2014). Social mentalities: Internal ‘social’ conflicts and the role of inner warmth and compassion in cognitive therapy. In P. Gilbert & Bailey K.G (eds.), Genes on the couch (pp.128–160). Routledge
go back to reference Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind. Robinson. Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind. Robinson.
go back to reference Gilbert, P. (2010). Compassion focused therapy: Distinctive features. Routledge. Gilbert, P. (2010). Compassion focused therapy: Distinctive features. Routledge.
go back to reference Gilbert, P. (2022). Compassionate mind training: Key themes. In P. Gilbert & G. Simos (Eds.), Compassion focused therapy: Clinical practice and applications (pp. 273–312). Routledge.CrossRef Gilbert, P. (2022). Compassionate mind training: Key themes. In P. Gilbert & G. Simos (Eds.), Compassion focused therapy: Clinical practice and applications (pp. 273–312). Routledge.CrossRef
go back to reference Gilbert, P. Choden (2013) Mindful Compassion. Constable & Robinson Ltd. Gilbert, P. Choden (2013) Mindful Compassion. Constable & Robinson Ltd.
go back to reference Gilbert, P., & Irons, C. (2005). Focused therapies and compassionate mind training for shame and self-attacking. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: Conceptualisations, research and use in psychotherapy (pp. 263–325). Routledge.CrossRef Gilbert, P., & Irons, C. (2005). Focused therapies and compassionate mind training for shame and self-attacking. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: Conceptualisations, research and use in psychotherapy (pp. 263–325). Routledge.CrossRef
go back to reference Irons, C., & Beaumont, E. (2017). The compassionate mind workbook: A step-by-step guide to developing your compassionate self. Robinson. Irons, C., & Beaumont, E. (2017). The compassionate mind workbook: A step-by-step guide to developing your compassionate self. Robinson.
go back to reference Jazaieri, H., Jinpa, G. T., McGonigal, K., Rosenberg, E. L., Finkelstein, J., Simon-Thomas, E., Cullen, M., Doty, J. R., Gross, J. J., & Goldin, P. R. (2012). Enhancing compassion: A randomized controlled trial of a compassion cultivation training program. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14, 1113–1126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9373-zCrossRef Jazaieri, H., Jinpa, G. T., McGonigal, K., Rosenberg, E. L., Finkelstein, J., Simon-Thomas, E., Cullen, M., Doty, J. R., Gross, J. J., & Goldin, P. R. (2012). Enhancing compassion: A randomized controlled trial of a compassion cultivation training program. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14, 1113–1126. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s10902-012-9373-zCrossRef
go back to reference Jermann, F., Billieux, J., Larøi, F., d’Argembeau, A., Bondolfi, G., Zermatten, A., & Van der Linden, M. (2009). Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS): Psychometric properties of the French translation and exploration of its relations with emotion regulation strategies. Psychological Assessment, 21(4), 506–514. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017032CrossRefPubMed Jermann, F., Billieux, J., Larøi, F., d’Argembeau, A., Bondolfi, G., Zermatten, A., & Van der Linden, M. (2009). Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS): Psychometric properties of the French translation and exploration of its relations with emotion regulation strategies. Psychological Assessment, 21(4), 506–514. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​a0017032CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Karyotaki, E., Efthimiou, O., Miguel, C., Genannt Bermpohl, F. M., Furukawa, T. A., Cuijpers, P., ... & Forsell, Y. (2021). Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression: A systematic review and individual patient data network meta-analysis. JAMA psychiatry, 78(4), 361-371. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4364 Karyotaki, E., Efthimiou, O., Miguel, C., Genannt Bermpohl, F. M., Furukawa, T. A., Cuijpers, P., ... & Forsell, Y. (2021). Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression: A systematic review and individual patient data network meta-analysis. JAMA psychiatry, 78(4), 361-371. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1001/​jamapsychiatry.​2020.​4364
go back to reference Leboeuf L’Anthoën, I. (2021). Activation de la compassion et de la joie sociale: Analyse des processus émotionnels et attentionnels (Doctoral dissertation, Lille). NNT: 2021LILUH006. Leboeuf L’Anthoën, I. (2021). Activation de la compassion et de la joie sociale: Analyse des processus émotionnels et attentionnels (Doctoral dissertation, Lille). NNT: 2021LILUH006.
go back to reference Lee, D. A. (2005). The perfect nurturer: A model to develop a compassionate mind within the context of cognitive therapy. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: Conceptualisations, research and use in psychotherapy (pp. 326–351). Routledge. Lee, D. A. (2005). The perfect nurturer: A model to develop a compassionate mind within the context of cognitive therapy. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: Conceptualisations, research and use in psychotherapy (pp. 326–351). Routledge.
go back to reference Rockliff, H., Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Lightman, S., & Glover, D. (2008). A pilot exploration of heart rate variability and salivary cortisol responses to compassion-focused imagery. Clinical Neuropsychiatry: Journal of Treatment Evaluation, 5(3), 132–139. Rockliff, H., Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Lightman, S., & Glover, D. (2008). A pilot exploration of heart rate variability and salivary cortisol responses to compassion-focused imagery. Clinical Neuropsychiatry: Journal of Treatment Evaluation, 5(3), 132–139.
go back to reference Sommers-Spijkerman, M., Trompetter, H., ten Klooster, P. T., Schreurs, K., Gilbert, P., & Bohlmeijer, E. (2018). Development and validation of the forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale—Short Form. Psychological Assessment, 30(6), 729–743. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000514CrossRefPubMed Sommers-Spijkerman, M., Trompetter, H., ten Klooster, P. T., Schreurs, K., Gilbert, P., & Bohlmeijer, E. (2018). Development and validation of the forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale—Short Form. Psychological Assessment, 30(6), 729–743. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​pas0000514CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1968). STAI manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1968). STAI manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press.
go back to reference Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5, pp. 481-498). Pearson. Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5, pp. 481-498). Pearson.
Metagegevens
Titel
A Randomized Controlled Study of a French Compassionate Mind Training
Auteurs
Isabelle Leboeuf
Eva Andreotti
Chris Irons
Elaine Beaumont
Pascal Antoine
Publicatiedatum
03-10-2022
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Mindfulness / Uitgave 11/2022
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01987-4

Andere artikelen Uitgave 11/2022

Mindfulness 11/2022 Naar de uitgave