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Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

Gepubliceerd in:

24-07-2024

A Network Analysis of GAD, MDD, and OCD: Symptom Overlap and Shared Risk/Maintenance Factors

Auteurs: Lauren Milgram, Kiara R. Timpano

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2024

Abstract

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) exhibit high comorbidity. Possible explanations for this comorbidity include symptom overlap and shared risk factors. Repetitive negative thinking, distress intolerance, and emotion-related impulsivity are three factors implicated in the onset and maintenance of each disorder, but it is largely unknown how these factors relate to individual symptoms of each disorder and if these factors act as bridges across diagnostic boundaries. This study used network analysis to examine relationships among GAD, MDD, and OCD symptoms and shared risk factors in a non-selected sample of 1,799 young adults. Subnetworks were estimated and compared between participants with and without clinically elevated symptoms. GAD, MDD, and OCD symptoms generally clustered within diagnostic categories but exhibited myriad connections across diagnostic clusters. Repetitive negative thinking acted as a bridge between diagnostic boundaries. Distress intolerance and emotion-related impulsivity were more influential in the symptom network of participants with clinically elevated symptoms compared to that of participants without clinically elevated symptoms. Shared risk factors—including repetitive negative thinking, distress intolerance, and emotion-related impulsivity—appear to confer simultaneous and differential risk for symptoms of GAD, MDD, and OCD. Findings can inform etiological research and intervention design for anxiety, mood, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

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The high rate of participants who reported clinically elevated OCD symptoms may be due in part to sample characteristics (i.e., primarily college student sample) or contextual factors (i.e., some data collected during the COVID pandemic) and is discussed in the limitations section of the Discussion.

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Titel: A Network Analysis of GAD, MDD, and OCD: Symptom Overlap and Shared Risk/Maintenance Factors
Auteurs: Lauren Milgram
Kiara R. Timpano
Publicatiedatum: 24-07-2024
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2024
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-024-10156-x

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A Network Analysis of GAD, MDD, and OCD: Symptom Overlap and Shared Risk/Maintenance Factors

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