Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Research

A comparison of gait biomechanics of flip-flops, sandals, barefoot and shoes

Auteurs: Xiuli Zhang, Max R Paquette, Songning Zhang

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Foot and Ankle Research | Uitgave 1/2013

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Background

Flip-flops and sandals are popular choices of footwear due to their convenience. However, the effects of these types of footwear on lower extremity biomechanics are still poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate differences in ground reaction force (GRF), center of pressure (COP) and lower extremity joint kinematic and kinetic variables during level-walking in flip-flops, sandals and barefoot compared to running shoes.

Methods

Ten healthy males performed five walking trials in the four footwear conditions at 1.3 m/s. Three-dimensional GRF and kinematic data were simultaneously collected.

Results

A smaller loading rate of the 1st peak vertical GRF and peak propulsive GRF and greater peak dorsiflexion moment in early stance were found in shoes compared to barefoot, flip-flops and sandals. Barefoot walking yielded greater mediolateral COP displacement, flatter foot contact angle, increased ankle plantarflexion contact angle, and smaller knee flexion contact angle and range of motion compared to all other footwear.

Conclusions

The results from this study indicate that barefoot, flip-flops and sandals produced different peak GRF variables and ankle moment compared to shoes while all footwear yield different COP and ankle and knee kinematics compared to barefoot. The findings may be helpful to researchers and clinicians in understanding lower extremity mechanics of open-toe footwear.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Carl TJ, Barrett SL: Computerized analysis of plantar pressure variation in flip-flops, athletic shoes, and bare feet. J Am Podiat Med Assn. 2008, 98: 374-378.CrossRef Carl TJ, Barrett SL: Computerized analysis of plantar pressure variation in flip-flops, athletic shoes, and bare feet. J Am Podiat Med Assn. 2008, 98: 374-378.CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Dash J: The flap over flip-flops: latest foot fashion is dividing more than toes in the office. Book The flap over flip-flops: latest foot fashion is dividing more than toes in the office. 2006, City: Baltimore Business Journal Dash J: The flap over flip-flops: latest foot fashion is dividing more than toes in the office. Book The flap over flip-flops: latest foot fashion is dividing more than toes in the office. 2006, City: Baltimore Business Journal
3.
go back to reference Rao UB, Joseph B: The influence of footwear on the prevalence of flat foot - a survey of 2300 children. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1992, 74: 525-527.PubMed Rao UB, Joseph B: The influence of footwear on the prevalence of flat foot - a survey of 2300 children. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1992, 74: 525-527.PubMed
4.
go back to reference Sachithanandam V, Joseph B: The influence of footwear on the prevalence of flat foot. A survey of 1846 skeletally mature persons. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1995, 77: 254-257.PubMed Sachithanandam V, Joseph B: The influence of footwear on the prevalence of flat foot. A survey of 1846 skeletally mature persons. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1995, 77: 254-257.PubMed
5.
go back to reference Shroyer JF, Shroyer JE, Sumner AM, Weimar WH: Effect of various thong flip-flops on pronation and eversion during midstance. Med Sci Sport Exer. 2010, 42: 270-CrossRef Shroyer JF, Shroyer JE, Sumner AM, Weimar WH: Effect of various thong flip-flops on pronation and eversion during midstance. Med Sci Sport Exer. 2010, 42: 270-CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Majumdar D, Banerjee PK, Pal M, Kumar R, Selvamurthy W: Temporal spatial parameters of gait with barefoot, bathroom slippers and military boots. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006, 50: 33-40.PubMed Majumdar D, Banerjee PK, Pal M, Kumar R, Selvamurthy W: Temporal spatial parameters of gait with barefoot, bathroom slippers and military boots. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006, 50: 33-40.PubMed
7.
go back to reference Shakoor N, Sengupta M, Foucher KC, Wimmer MA, Fogg LF, Block JA: Effects of common footwear on joint loading in osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthritis Care Res. 2010, 62: 917-923.CrossRef Shakoor N, Sengupta M, Foucher KC, Wimmer MA, Fogg LF, Block JA: Effects of common footwear on joint loading in osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthritis Care Res. 2010, 62: 917-923.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Chard A, Greene A, Hunt A, Vanwanseele B, Smith R: Effect of thong style flip-flops on children’s barefoot walking and jogging kinematics. J Foot and Ankle Research. 2013, 6: 8-10.1186/1757-1146-6-8.CrossRef Chard A, Greene A, Hunt A, Vanwanseele B, Smith R: Effect of thong style flip-flops on children’s barefoot walking and jogging kinematics. J Foot and Ankle Research. 2013, 6: 8-10.1186/1757-1146-6-8.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Shroyer JF, Weimar WH: Comparative analysis of human gait while wearing thong-style flip-flops versus sneakers. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2010, 100: 251-257.CrossRefPubMed Shroyer JF, Weimar WH: Comparative analysis of human gait while wearing thong-style flip-flops versus sneakers. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2010, 100: 251-257.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Keenan GS, Franz JR, Dicharry J, Della Croce U, Kerrigan DC: Lower limb joint kinetics in walking: the role of industry recommended footwear. Gait Posture. 2011, 33: 350-355. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.09.019.CrossRefPubMed Keenan GS, Franz JR, Dicharry J, Della Croce U, Kerrigan DC: Lower limb joint kinetics in walking: the role of industry recommended footwear. Gait Posture. 2011, 33: 350-355. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.09.019.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Fong Yan A, Sinclair PJ, Hiller C, Wegener C, Smith RM: Impact attenuation during weight bearing activities in barefoot vs. shod conditions: a systematic review. Gait Posture. 2013, 38 (2): 175-186. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.11.017.CrossRefPubMed Fong Yan A, Sinclair PJ, Hiller C, Wegener C, Smith RM: Impact attenuation during weight bearing activities in barefoot vs. shod conditions: a systematic review. Gait Posture. 2013, 38 (2): 175-186. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.11.017.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Zhang S, Paquette MR, Milner CE, Westlake C, Byrd E, Baumgartner LD: An unstable rocker-bottom shoe alters lower extremity biomechanics during level walking. Footwear Science. 2012, 4: 243-253. 10.1080/19424280.2012.735258.CrossRef Zhang S, Paquette MR, Milner CE, Westlake C, Byrd E, Baumgartner LD: An unstable rocker-bottom shoe alters lower extremity biomechanics during level walking. Footwear Science. 2012, 4: 243-253. 10.1080/19424280.2012.735258.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Wolf S, Simon J, Patikas D, Schuster W, Armbrust P, Doderlein L: Foot motion in children shoes: a comparison of barefoot walking with shod walking in conventional and flexible shoes. Gait Posture. 2008, 27: 51-59. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.01.005.CrossRefPubMed Wolf S, Simon J, Patikas D, Schuster W, Armbrust P, Doderlein L: Foot motion in children shoes: a comparison of barefoot walking with shod walking in conventional and flexible shoes. Gait Posture. 2008, 27: 51-59. 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.01.005.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Morio C, Lake MJ, Gueguen N, Rao G, Baly L: The influence of footwear on foot motion during walking and running. J Biomech. 2009, 42: 2081-2088. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.06.015.CrossRefPubMed Morio C, Lake MJ, Gueguen N, Rao G, Baly L: The influence of footwear on foot motion during walking and running. J Biomech. 2009, 42: 2081-2088. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.06.015.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Shroyer JF: Influence of various thong style flip-flops on gait kinematics and lower leg electromyography. 2009, Dissertation: Auburn University, Kinesiology Shroyer JF: Influence of various thong style flip-flops on gait kinematics and lower leg electromyography. 2009, Dissertation: Auburn University, Kinesiology
16.
go back to reference Kerrigan DC, Johansson JL, Bryant MG, Boxer JA, Della Croce U, Riley PO: Moderate-heeled shoes and knee joint torques relevant to the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005, 86: 871-875. 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.09.018.CrossRefPubMed Kerrigan DC, Johansson JL, Bryant MG, Boxer JA, Della Croce U, Riley PO: Moderate-heeled shoes and knee joint torques relevant to the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005, 86: 871-875. 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.09.018.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
A comparison of gait biomechanics of flip-flops, sandals, barefoot and shoes
Auteurs
Xiuli Zhang
Max R Paquette
Songning Zhang
Publicatiedatum
01-12-2013
Uitgeverij
BioMed Central
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Foot and Ankle Research / Uitgave 1/2013
Elektronisch ISSN: 1757-1146
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-1146-6-45

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2013

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 1/2013 Naar de uitgave