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27-02-2021 | Original Article

A Cognitive Control Training as Add-On Treatment to Usual Care for Depressed Inpatients

Auteurs: Gina R. A. Ferrari, Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt, Mike Rinck, Ineke Demeyer, Rudi De Raedt, Sylvia Beisel, Johannes Lindenmeyer, Eni S. Becker

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 5/2021

Abstract

Background

There is a growing body of research supporting the potential therapeutic value of the Cognitive Control Training (CCT) for depression, even though more research including a control condition is necessary to investigate its working mechanisms.

Methods

The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to investigate the adjunctive effects of CCT to treatment-as-usual, compared to a sham-training, in patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Hundred-and-fifteen inpatients were randomly assigned to complete ten sessions of either an active working-memory based CCT (n = 56) or a comparable sham-training (n = 59). Changes in depressive symptoms and rumination were assessed from baseline to post-training, and at 1 year follow-up. Secondary outcome measures included alternative indices of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, state-rumination in response to a worry induction, a cognitive transfer task and self-reports of work-status and well-being at 1 year follow-up.

Results

Our results show no evidence for short-term beneficial effects of CCT in depressed inpatients when added to TAU.

Conclusion

Although other studies suggest that CCT may hold potential as an add-on intervention for depression, our findings point to the importance of investigating individual differences and conditions predicting training response.

vorige artikel Comparing the Efficacy of Competitive Memory Training (COMET) and MEmory Specificity Training (MEST) on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Newly Diagnosed Cancer Patients

volgende artikel Online Cognitive Control Training for Remitted Depressed Individuals: A Replication and Extension Study

It should be noted that the pre-registration wrongly mentioned BDI < 11 as an inclusion criterium. Moreover, we have added the BDI as a primary outcome measure, even though it was listed as a secondary outcome measure in the pre-registration. Based on new insights in the field of cognitive remediation, we also consider depressive symptoms and emotion regulation as primary outcome variables, and changes in rumination as a potential mediator. Finally, after an initial pilot test, it became clear that the burden of the pre-registered original protocol was too high for the patients. Therefore, the Internal Shift Task was replaced by the Random Number Generation task.

Results of the analyses on the RSQ subscale Distraction may be affected by the significant baseline between-group difference on this scale.

We had planned to use both self-judgments and rater-judgments of the intrusions. However, the inter-rater reliability was so low (none to slight or fair agreement for the different phases of the task) that only the self-judgments could be used.

Due to missing data on single items of both subscales, the n of the two subscales differs slightly (Expectancy: Active-Training_n = 47, Sham-Training_n = 57, Credibility: Active-Training_n = 50, Sham-Training_n = 57).

Due to the small sample-size the analysis of the BDI-II follow-up data was based on, this analysis is not considered reliable.

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Titel: A Cognitive Control Training as Add-On Treatment to Usual Care for Depressed Inpatients
Auteurs: Gina R. A. Ferrari
Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
Mike Rinck
Ineke Demeyer
Rudi De Raedt
Sylvia Beisel
Johannes Lindenmeyer
Eni S. Becker
Publicatiedatum: 27-02-2021
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 5/2021
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10197-y

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