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Gepubliceerd in:
1 Werkwijze binnen de kinderfysiotherapie hoofdstuk lezen eerste hoofdstuk lezen

2016 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

3 Groei en ontwikkeling

D Fysieke fitheid en training

Auteur : Marco van Brussel

Gepubliceerd in: Kinderfysiotherapie

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Zoals in voorgaande delen van dit hoofdstuk beschreven, zijn de toename in lichaamslengte en -gewicht de meest opvallende fysieke ontwikkelingen in de kindertijd. Naast anatomische veranderingen vinden er in het lichaam van een kind tijdens de groeifase ook grote (inspannings)fysiologische aanpassingen plaats, bijvoorbeeld in de functie van het metabolisme. Hiermee moet rekening gehouden worden wanneer men interventies wil plegen op het gebied van de gezondheidsgerelateerde fysieke fitheid en training. Waar bij volwassenen door het verouderingsproces het inspanningsvermogen afneemt, zien we bij kinderen en adolescenten het inspanningsvermogen juist toenemen, ook als gecorrigeerd wordt voor lichaamsgewicht en/of -lengte. Vanwege de lichamelijke groei, de specifieke ontwikkeling en rijping van het bewegingsapparaat én de sterk veranderende fysiologie mogen kinderen en adolescenten niet als ‘kleine volwassenen’ beschouwd worden. Dit betekent ook dat fysieke trainingsrichtlijnen die gelden voor volwassenen niet toepasbaar zijn op kinderen en adolescenten. In dit deel van het hoofdstuk wordt ingaan op drie globale ontwikkelingsaspecten van het inspanningsvermogen, namelijk de aerobe capaciteit, de anaerobe capaciteit en de spierkracht. Hiernaast beschrijven we wat bekend is over het effect van training op deze aspecten tijdens de groei bij kinderen en adolescenten.
vorige hoofdstuk 3 Groei en ontwikkeling
volgende hoofdstuk 4 Motorische ontwikkeling
Voetnoten
1
In dit hoofdstuk verstaan we onder kinderen 6- tot 13-jarigen en onder adolescenten 13- tot 18-jarigen.
 
2
Adviezen van onder andere het American College of Sports Medicine, de American Council on Exercise, de American Academy of Pediatrics en de National Strength and Conditioning Association.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
3 Groei en ontwikkeling
Auteur
Marco van Brussel
Copyright
2016
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Boek
Kinderfysiotherapie

Print ISBN: 978-90-368-1591-8

Elektronisch ISBN: 978-90-368-1592-5

Copyright: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-1592-5_7