Top

Cognitive Therapy and Research

Gepubliceerd in:

28-07-2023 | Original Article

Metacognitive Appraisals of Perseverative Cognition: A Prospective Test Across Thought Types

Auteurs: Emily L. Gentes, Ayelet Meron Ruscio

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 6/2023

Abstract

Purpose

Cognitive-behavioral and metacognitive theories suggest that appraisals of perseverative (repetitive negative) thoughts play a crucial role in determining affective and behavioral outcomes. The current study prospectively tested these theories across thought types by examining the relationship between thought appraisals and later outcomes.

Methods

The current study tested the association of negative and positive appraisals of obsessions, worries, and ruminative thoughts to self-reported outcomes at 1-month follow-up (n = 96) using an unselected student sample.

Results

At 1-month follow-up, prior negative appraisals predicted increasing thought frequency for worry and rumination but not obsessions, while prior positive appraisals predicted increasing thought frequency and negative affect for rumination only.

Conclusions

Results suggest that different forms of perseverative thought may differ in the extent to which immediate negative and positive appraisals are related to later outcomes. These results contribute to our understanding of the role of metacognitive appraisals in the persistence of different forms of perseverative thought, and suggest important differences across thought types.

vorige artikel Find a Resting Place for Your Emotions and Make it Yours: A Meta-Analysis of Expressive Writing Interventions Among Asian Populations

volgende artikel Improved Reliability of Dot Probe Measures with Response-Based Computation: An Application with Young Violence-Exposed Children

Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers

Abramowitz, J. S., Khandker, M., Nelson, C. A., Deacon, B. J., & Rygwall, R. (2006) The role of cognitive factors in the pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A prospective study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44: 1361–1374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.09.011CrossRefPubMed

Abramowitz, J. S., Nelson, C. A., Rygwall, R., & Khandker, M. (2007) The cognitive mediation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A longitudinal study. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21: 91-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.05.003CrossRefPubMed

Butler, A. C., Hokanson, J. E., & Flynn, H. A. (1994) A comparison of self-esteem lability and low trait self-esteem as vulnerability factors for depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66: 166-177. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.66.1.166CrossRefPubMed

Cartwright-Hatton, S., & Wells, A. (1997) Beliefs about worry and intrusions: The meta-cognitions questionnaire and its correlates. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11: 279-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-6185(97)00011-XCrossRefPubMed

Coles, M. E., & Horng, B. (2006) A prospective test of cognitive vulnerability to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 30: 723-734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-006-9033-xCrossRef

Ehring, T., & Behar, E. (2020) Transdiagnostic view on worrying and other negative mental content. In A. L. Gerlach & A. T. Gloster (Eds.), Generalized anxiety disorder and worrying: A comprehensive handbook for clinicians and researchers (pp. 43-68). Wiley.CrossRef

Ehring, T., & Watkins, E. R. (2008) Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 1: 192-205. https://doi.org/10.1680/ijct.2008.1.3.192CrossRef

Freeston, M. H., & Ladouceur, R. (1993) Appraisal of cognitive intrusions and response style: Replication and extension. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 31: 185-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(93)90070-BCrossRefPubMed

Freeston, M. H., Ladouceur, R., Thibodeau, N., & Gagnon, F. (1991) Cognitive intrusions in a non-clinical population: I. Response style, subjective experience, and appraisal. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 29: 585-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(91)90008-qCrossRefPubMed

Gentes, E. L., & Ruscio, A. M. (2015) Do negative appraisals of unwanted thoughts predict negative outcomes? A test of the effect of negative appraisals across thought types. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 6: 1-18.CrossRef

Hallion, L. S., Wright, A. G. C., Joormann, J., Kusmierski, S. N., Coutanche, M. N., & Caulfield, M. K. (2022) A five-factor model of perseverative thought. Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, 131: 235-252. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000737CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hebert, E. A., Dugas, M. J., Tulloch, T. G., & Holowka, D. W. (2014) Positive beliefs about worry: A psychometric evaluation of the Why Worry-II. Personality and Individual Differences, 56: 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.009CrossRef

Iijima, Y., & Tanno, Y. (2013) The moderating role of positive beliefs about worry in the relationship between stressful events and worry. Personality and Individual Differences, 55: 1003-1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.004CrossRef

Kircanski, K., Thompson, R. J., Sorenson, J. E., Sherdell, L., Gotlib, I., & H. (2015) Rumination and worry in daily life: Examining the naturalistic validity of theoretical constructs. Clinical Psychological Science, 3: 926-939. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614566603CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kubiak, T., Zahn, D., Siewert, K., Jonas, C., & Weber, H. (2014) Positive beliefs about rumination are associated with ruminative thinking and affect in daily life: Evidence for a metacognitive view on depression. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 42: 568-576. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465813000325CrossRefPubMed

Langlois, F., Freeston, M. H., & Ladouceur, R. (2000) Differences and similarities between obsessive intrusive thoughts and worry in a non-clinical population: Study 1. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38: 157-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00027-3CrossRefPubMed

Mathersul, D. C., & Ruscio, A. M. (2020) Forecasting the future, remembering the past: Misrepresentations of daily emotional experience in generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44: 73-88.CrossRef

McLaughlin, K. A., Borkovec, T. D., & Sibrava, N. J. (2007) The effects of worry and rumination on affect states and cognitive activity. Behavior Therapy, 38: 23-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2006.03.003CrossRefPubMed

Mowrer, O. A. (1960) Learning theory and behavior. Wiley.CrossRef

Obsessive Compulsive Cognition Working Group. (2005) Psychometric validation of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and the interpretation of intrusions inventory: Part 2: Factor analyses and testing of a brief version. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43: 1527-1542.CrossRef

Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group. (1997) Cognitive assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behavior Research and Therapy, 35: 667-681. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00017-xCrossRef

Papageorgiou, C. (2006) Worry and rumination: Styles of persistent negative thinking in anxiety and depression. In G. C. L. Davey & A. Wells (Eds.), Worry and its psychological disorders: Theory, assessment and treatment (pp. 21-40). Wiley.CrossRef

Papageorgiou, C., & Wells, A. (2001a) Metacognitive beliefs about rumination in recurrent major depression. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 8: 160-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1077-7229(01)80021-3CrossRef

Papageorgiou, C., & Wells, A. (2001b) Positive beliefs about depressive rumination: Development and preliminary validation of a self-report scale. Behavior Therapy, 32: 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(01)80041-1CrossRef

Papageorgiou, C., & Wells, A. (2009) A prospective test of the clinical metacognitive model of rumination and depression. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 2: 123-131. https://doi.org/10.1521/ijct.2009.2.2.123CrossRef

Purdon, C. (2001) Appraisal of obsessional thought recurrences: Impact on anxiety and mood state. Behavior Therapy, 32: 47-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(01)80043-5CrossRef

Rachman, S. (1997) A cognitive theory of obsessions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35: 793-802. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00040-5CrossRefPubMed

Rosenkranz, T., Takano, K., Watkins, E. R., & Ehring, T. (2020) Assessing repetitive negative thinking in daily life: Development of an ecological momentary assessment paradigm. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231783CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ryum, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Hjemdal, O., Hagen, R., Halorsen, J. O., & Solem, S. (2017) Worry and metacognitions as predictors of anxiety symptoms: A prospective study. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00924CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Salkovskis, P. M. (1985) Obsessional-compulsive problems: A cognitive-behavioural analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23: 571-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(85)90105-6CrossRefPubMed

Sica, C., Steketee, G., Ghisi, M., Chiri, L., & Franceschini, S. (2007) Metacognitive beliefs and strategies predict worry, obsessive compulsive symptoms and coping styles: A preliminary prospective study on an Italian sample. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 14: 258-268. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.520CrossRef

Stade, E. C., & Ruscio, A. M. (2022) A meta-analysis of the relationship between worry and rumination. Clinical Psychological Science, 11: 552-573. https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026221131309CrossRef

Steger, M. F., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009) Depression and everyday social activity, belonging, and well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56: 289-300. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015416CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Tabachnick, B., & Fidell, L. S. (2007) Using multivariate statistics (5th ed). Allyn & Bacon.

Teachman, B. A., Woody, S. R., & Magee, J. C. (2006) Implicit and explicit appraisals of the importance of intrusive thoughts. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44: 785-805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.05.005CrossRefPubMed

Verkuil, B., Brosschot, J. F., & Thayer, J. F. (2007) Capturing worry in daily life: Are trait questionnaires sufficient? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45: 1835-1844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.02.004CrossRefPubMed

Wahl, K., Ehring, T., Kley, H., Lieb, R., Meyer, A., Kordon, A., Heinzel, C. V., Mazanec, M., & Schonfeld, S. (2019) Is repetitive negative thinking a transdiagnostic process? A comparison of key processes of PT in depression, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and community controls. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 64: 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.02.006CrossRefPubMed

Wahl, K., Schonfeld, S., Hissbach, J., Kusel, S., Zurowski, B., Moritz, S., Hohagen, F., & Kordon, A. (2011) Differences and similarities between obsessive and ruminative thoughts in obsessive-compulsive and depressed patients: A comparative study. Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42: 454-461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.03.002CrossRef

Watkins, E., Moulds, M., & Mackintosh, B. (2005) Comparisons between rumination and worry in a non-clinical population. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43: 1577-1585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2004.11.008CrossRefPubMed

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54: 1063-1070. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.54.6.1063CrossRefPubMed

Weber, F., & Exner, C. (2013) Metacognitive beliefs and rumination: A longitudinal study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37: 1257-1261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-013-9555-yCrossRef

Wells, A. (1995) Meta-cognition and worry: A cognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 23: 301-320. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465800015897CrossRef

Wells, A., & Matthews, G. (1994) Attention and emotion: A clinical perspective. Erlbaum.

Wells, A., & Papageorgiou, C. (1998) Relationships between worry, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and metacognitive beliefs. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36: 899-913. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00070-9CrossRefPubMed

Westra, H. A., Arkowitz, H., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2009) Adding a motivational interviewing pretreatment to cognitive behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary randomized controlled trial. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(8): 1106-1117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.07.014CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wolpe, J. (1958) Psychotherapy by reciprocol inhibition. Stanford University Press.

Titel: Metacognitive Appraisals of Perseverative Cognition: A Prospective Test Across Thought Types
Auteurs: Emily L. Gentes
Ayelet Meron Ruscio
Publicatiedatum: 28-07-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-023-10414-4

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2023

Improved Reliability of Dot Probe Measures with Response-Based Computation: An Application with Young Violence-Exposed Children

Is a Gradualist Approach to Clinical Training Helpful or Necessary?

Development and Validation of the Bullied Cognitions Inventory (BCI)

Psychological Needs and Psychopathology in Adults Following a Significant Life Event: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

Find a Resting Place for Your Emotions and Make it Yours: A Meta-Analysis of Expressive Writing Interventions Among Asian Populations

Compassion Questionnaires: Scales Development and Validation