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Theta and alpha activity are differentially associated with physiological and rating scale measures of affective processing in adolescents with but not without ADHD

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 June 2023

Mária Takács ,
Brigitta Tóth ,
Orsolya Szalárdy  and
Nóra Bunford Open the ORCID record for Nóra Bunford [Opens in a new window]
Mária Takács
Affiliation:
Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
Brigitta Tóth
Affiliation:
Sound and Speech Perception Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
Orsolya Szalárdy
Affiliation:
Sound and Speech Perception Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Nóra Bunford*
Affiliation:
Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
*
Corresponding author: Nóra Bunford; Email: bunford.nora@ttk.hu
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Abstract

Although atypical theta and alpha activity may be biomarkers of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) outcomes such as atypical affective processing and attention, the exact nature of the relations of these characteristics is unknown. We examined in age- and sex-matched adolescents (N = 132; M age = 14.944, years, SD = .802) with and without ADHD, whether resting state (RS) theta and alpha power or theta and alpha event-related synchronization (ERS) during affect regulation (1) differ between adolescents with and without ADHD; (2) are differentially associated with event-related potential (ERP) and parent- and self-report measures of affective processing and inattention, given ADHD status and sex, and (3) are differentially lateralized, given ADHD status and sex. Adolescents with ADHD exhibited lower RS frontal-midline alpha power than adolescents without ADHD. In adolescents with ADHD, right parietal theta ERS was positively associated with the ERP measure of elaborate affective/motivational processing and right parietal RS alpha power was negatively associated with self-reported positive affectivity. In adolescents without ADHD, associations were nonsignificant. There was no disassociation of theta and alpha activity with affective processing and inattention. Consistent with clinical impressions, the between-group difference in frontal-midline theta ERS was more marked in boys than girls.

Keywords

ADHDaffectattentionEEG power spectrumEEG synchronization
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , First View , pp. 1 - 16
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

Orsolya Szalárdy and Nóra Bunford contributed equally.

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