Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Collateral Circulation of the Brain

  • Chapter
Collateral Circulation

Abstract

The brain is an electrical organ with a high energy utilization rate. In the awake state energy consumption of cerebral cortex amounts to approximately 15 mmol~P/g/min, i.e. as much or more than that of liver or heart muscle. The energy demands of the brain are almost exclusively covered by oxidative metabolism of glucose which yields 38 mol~P per mol glucose. If the oxygen supply to the brain is reduced, glucose is metabolized anaerobically which reduces the energy yield by 95% to 2 mol~P/mol glucose.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Paulson OB, Strandgaard S, Edvinsson L (1990) Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev 2:161–192

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kuschinsky W (1991) Neurosurg Rev 14:163–168

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Fields WS, Bruetman ME, Weibel J (1965) Monogr Surg Sci 2:183–259

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Meyer JS and Denny-Brown D (1957) Neurology 7:447–458

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Denny-Brown D and Meyer JS (1957) Neurology 7:567–579

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Zülch KJ (1981) In: Diethelm L, Heuck F, Olsson O, Strnad F, Vieten H, Zuppinger A (eds) Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, pp 1–192

    Google Scholar 

  7. Abrams HL (1983) Am J Roentgenol 140:1051–1063

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Schaper W, Sharma HS, Quinkler W, Markert T, Wünsch M, Schaper J (1990) J Am Coll Cardiol 15:513–518

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Schaper W and Schaper J (1990) Cardiology 77:367–372

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Coyle P (1984) Anat Rec 210:357–364

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Coyle P and Heistad DD (1991) Blood Vessels 28:183–189

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Cobb S (1931) Arch Neurol Psych 25:273–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Penry JK and Netsky MG (1960) Arch Neurol 3:391–398

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Heubner O (1872) Zentralbl Med Wiss 10:817–821

    Google Scholar 

  15. Van der Eecken HM and Adams RD (1953) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 12:132–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Loftus CM, Greene GM, Detwiler KN, Baumbach GL, Heistad DD (1990) Am J Physiol 259:H560–H566

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Schmidt HW (1955) Dtsch Z Nervenheilk 172:526–530

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Zülch KJ (1969) Angiology 20:61–69

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Pfeifer RA (1930) Grundlegende Untersuchungen über die Angioarchitektonik des menschlichen Gehirns. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  20. Pfeifer RA (1931) J Psychol Neurol 42:1–173

    Google Scholar 

  21. Zülch KJ (1971) In: Zülch KJ (ed) Cerbral circulation and stroke. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York, pp 106–122

    Google Scholar 

  22. Nizzoli V and Nicola GC (1970) Europ Neurol 3:105–115

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Symon L and Russel RWR (1971) J Neurol Sci 13:197–208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Zülch KJ and Gessaga E (1972) Vasc Surg 6:114–119

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Brierley JB, Prior PF, Calverley J, Jackson SJ, Brown AW (1980) Brain 103:929–965

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Opitz E and Schneider M (1950) Erg Physiol 46:126–260

    Google Scholar 

  27. Shima T, Hossmann K-A, Date H (1983) Stroke 14:713–719

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gillilan LA (1971) Am Neurol Assoc 82:65–68

    Google Scholar 

  29. Shapiro HM, Stromberg DD, Lee DR, Wiederhielm CA (1971) Am J Physiol 221:279–283

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Fox JR and Wiederhielm CA (1973) Microvasc Res 5:324–335

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Kaliszewski C, Fernandez LA, Wicke JD (1988) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8:149–154

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Paulson OB, Waldemar G, Andersen AR, Barry DI, Pedersen EV, Schmidt JF, Vorstrup S (1988) Circulation 77 Suppl 1:55–58

    Google Scholar 

  33. Date H, Hossmann K-A, Shima T (1984) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 4:593–598

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Hudetz AG, Halsey JH Jr, Horton CR, Conger KA, Reneau DD (1982) Stroke 13:693–700

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Pucher RK and Auer LM (1988) Acta Neurochir 93:123–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Kautzky R, Zülch KJ, Wende S, Tänzer A (1982) Neuroradiology: A neuropathological approach. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  37. Paschen W, Shima T, Hossmann K-A (1984) Stroke 15:686–690

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Symon L, Branston NM, Strong AJ (1976) Stroke 7:547–554

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Waltz AG (1968) Neurology 18:613–621

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Tulleken CAF, van Dieren A, ten Veen J, Lopes da Silva FH (1979) Acta Neurochir 2 Suppl 28:529–530

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Dirnagl U and Pulsinelli W (1990) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 10:327–336

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Paulson OB (1970) Neurology 20:63–77

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Meyer JS, Fukuuchi Y, Shimazu K, Ouchi T, Ericsson AD (1972) Stroke 3:157–167

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Hanson EJ, Anderson RE, Sundt TM (1975) Circ Res 36:18–26

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Toole JF and McGraw CP (1975) Annu Rev Med 26:321–329

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Mosmans PCM and Jonkman EJ (1980) Clin Neurol Neurosurg 82:145–156

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Lassen NA and Palvölgyi R (1968) J Lab Clin Invest Suppl 102:XIIID

    Google Scholar 

  48. von Vollmar J (1971) Münch Med Wochenschr 113:501–506

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Hessel SJ and Rosenbaum AE (1974) Clin Radiol 25:303–307

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Symon L (1968) Scand J Lab & Clin Invest Suppl 102:3:A

    Google Scholar 

  51. Waltz AG (1970) Stroke 1:27–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Tulleken CAF, Van Dieren A, ten Veen J, Lopes da Silva FH (1982) Acta Neurochir 61:227–240

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Tulleken CAF and Abraham J (1975) Acta Neurochir 32:161–173

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Branston NM, Hope DT, Symon L (1979) Stroke 10:647–653

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Abraham J, Ott EO, Aoyagi M, Tagashira Y, Achari AN, Meyer JS (1975) J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 38:78–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Kogure K, Fujishima M, Scheinberg P, Reinmuth OM (1969) Circ Res 24:557–565

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Yamamoto YL, Phillips KM, Hodge CP, Feindel W (1971) J Neurosurg 35:155–166

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Endo S, Branson PJ, Alksne JF (1988) Stroke 19:1420–1425

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Oldendorf WH (1989) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 48:534–547

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Lehmann RM, Owens GK, Kassell NF, Hongo K (1991) Stroke 22:499–504

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Coyle P and Panzenbeck MJ (1990) Stroke 21:316–321

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Crowell RM, Olsson Y, Ommaya AK (1971) Neurology 21:710–719

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Coyle P and Heistad DD (1987) Stroke 18:407–411

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Hayakawa T, Waltz AG, Jacobson RL (1979) Stroke 10:263–267

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Coyle P and Jokelainen PT (1983) Stroke 14:605–611

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Grabowski M, Nordborg C, Brundin P, Johansson BB (1988) J Hypertens 6:405–411

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Turnbull IM (1967) Surg Forum 18:437–438

    Google Scholar 

  68. Suzuki J and Takaku A (1969) Arch Neurol 20:288–299

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Nishimoto A and Takeuchi S (1968) J Neurosurg 29:255–260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Kono S, Oka K, Sueishi K (1990) Stroke 21:1044–1050

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Bozzao L, Fantozzi LM, Bastianello S, Bozzao A, Fieschi C (1989) Stroke 20:735–740

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Date H and Hossmann K-A (1984) Ann Neurol 16:330–336

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Byer JA and Easton JD (1980) Ann Int Med 93:742–756

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Selman WR and Spetzler RF (1980) Neurosurgery 6:446–452

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Gisvold SE and Steen PA (1985) Br J Anaesth 57:96–109

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Zervas NT, Hori H, Nagoro M, Wurtman R (1976) Stroke 7:113–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Latchaw JP, Little JR, Slugg RM, Lesser RP, Stowe N (1985) Neurosurgery 16:18–22

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Scremin OU and Scremin AME (1986) Stroke 17:1004–1009

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Takeuchi T, Horiuchi J, Terada N, Nagao M (1990) Jap J Physiol 40:665–677

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Kano M, Moskowitz MA, Yokota M (1991) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 11:628–637

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Candelise L, Colombo R, Rango M, Pinardi G, Fieschi C, Argentino C, Giubilei F, Rasura M, Cappellari S, Casazza A, Grilli L, Warlow CP, Peto R, Morabito A (1988) Lancet 8581:318–321

    Google Scholar 

  82. Scandinavian Stroke Study Group (1988) Stroke 19:464–471

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Mast H and Marx P (1991) Stroke 22:680–683

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Harrison MJG, Kendall BE, Pollock S, Marshall J (1981) Lancet 18:114–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Prado R, Ginsberg MD, Dietrich WD, Watson BD, Busto R (1988) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8:186–192

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Story JL, Brown WE Jr, Eidelberg E, Arom KV, Stewart JR (1978) Adv Neurosurg 7:15–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Spetzler RF (1979) Surg Neurol 11:157–161

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Powers WJ, Grubb RL, Raichle ME (1989) J Neurosurg 70:61–67

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. The EC/IC Bypass Study Group (1985) N Engl J Med 313:1191–1200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Kredel FE (1942) South Surgeon 11:235–244

    Google Scholar 

  91. Goldsmith HS, Duckett S, Chen WF (1975) Am J Surg 130:317–320

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Goldsmith HS, Bacciu P, Cossu M, Pau A, Rodriguez G, Rosadini G, Ruju P, Viale ES, Tunas S, Viale GL (1990) Acta Neurochir 106:145–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Herold S, Frackowiak RSJ, Neil-Dwyer G (1987) Stroke 18:46–51

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Robertson PL, Du Bois M, Bowman PD, Goldstein GW (1985) Dev Brain Res 23:219–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  95. Risau W (1986) Proc Natl Acad Aci USA 83:3855–3859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Ambach G, Toldi J, Feher O, Job F, Wolff JR (1986) Exp Brain Res 61:540–548

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Mato M, Ookawara S, Namiki T (1989) Anat Rec 224:355–364

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Deane BR and Lantos PL (1981) J Neurol Sci 49:55–66

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Matsuno H (1981) Neurol Med Chir 21:765–773

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Zagzag D, Brem S, Robert F (1988) Am J Pathol 131:361–372

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Goldsmith HS, Griffith AL, Kupferman A, Catsimpoolas N (1984) J Am Med Assoc 252:2034–2036

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Krum JM and Rosenstein JM (1987) J Comp Neurol 258:420–434

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Krum JM and Rosenstein JM (1988) J Comp Neurol 271:331–345

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Dienel GA, Pulsinelli WA, Duffy TE (1980) J Neurochem 35:1216–1226

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Xie Y, Mies G, Hossmann K-A (1989) Stroke 20:620–626

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Mies G, Ishimaru S, Xie Y, Seo K, Hossmann K-A (1991) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 11:753–761

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Neurology, Max-Planck-Institute for Neurological Research Cologne, F. R. Germany

    Konstantin-A. Hossmann

Authors
  1. Konstantin-A. Hossmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Cardiology, Max-Planck-Institute, Benekestrasse 2, D-6350, Bad Nauheim, F. R. Germany

    Wolfgang Schaper M.D., Ph.D.  & Jutta Schaper M.D., Ph.D.  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hossmann, KA. (1992). Collateral Circulation of the Brain. In: Schaper, W., Schaper, J. (eds) Collateral Circulation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3092-3_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3092-3_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6351-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3092-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation